Background: The objective of this anatomical study was to perform the morphometry dried lumbar vertebrae in human cadavers. Methods: This utilized 200 adult cadaveric vertebrae. digital Vernier calipers used measurements. height, antero-posterior length, transverse length body vertebrae, interpedicular distance at lateral ends, lamina height and thickness, superior inferio...

For the planning of surgical interventions of the spine exact knowledge about 3D shape and the local bone quality of vertebrae are of great importance in order to estimate the anchorage strength of screws or implants. As a prerequisite for quantitative analysis a method for objective and therefore automated segmentation of vertebrae is needed. In this paper a framework for the automatic segment...

Why do all mammals, except for sloths and manatees, have exactly seven cervical vertebrae? In other vertebrates and other regions, the vertebral number varies considerably. We investigated whether natural selection constrains the number of cervical vertebrae in humans. To this end, we determined the incidence of cervical ribs and other homeotic vertebral changes in radiographs of deceased human...

X-ray is a common modality for diagnosing cervical vertebrae injuries. Many injuries are missed by emergency physicians which later causes life threatening complications. Computer aided analysis of X-ray images has the potential to detect missed injuries. Segmentation of the vertebrae is a crucial step towards automatic injury detection system. Active shape model (ASM) is one of the most succes...

purpose: given that weight and body mass index (bmi) are considered as modifiable factors in osteoporosis, the present study aimed to examine the relationship of weight and bmi with bone mineral density (bmd) and bone mineral content (bmc) at the femur and lumbar vertebrae in perimenopausal women. methods: in this descriptive-correlational study, we measured the bone density of the femur and lu...

In this paper we will describe our experiments with x-ray image analysis for vertebra detection in juvenile/adolescent patients with idiopathic scoliotic spines. We will focus on detecting vertebrae location in a anterior-posterior x-ray image in a fully automatic way. For accomplishing this, we propose a set of techniques for (i) isolating the spine by removing other bone structures (e.g. ribs...

C3H mice were bred at 30 °C and 22 °C. At 28 days of age the lengths of the sacral and caudal vertebrae were measured from radiographs and related to the local skin temperature. Growth of the sacral and proximal caudal vertebrae was slightly retarded in the hot environment, but the distal caudal vertebrae showed increased growth which could be quantitatively related to an increase in skin tempe...

Image analysis techniques are introduced for evaluating disc space narrowing of cervical vertebrae interfaces from X-ray images. Four scale-invariant, distance transform-based features are presented for characterizing the spacing between adjacent vertebrae. K-means and self-organizing map clustering techniques are applied to estimate the degree of disc space narrowing using a four grade (0-3) s...

There has been no report of bilateral pedicle stress fractures involving two vertebrae. The authors describe a unique case of spondylolisthesis accompanying a bilateral pedicle stress fracture involving two vertebrae. De novo development of spondylolisthesis at the L5-S1 vertebrae accompanying a bilateral pedicle stress fracture at L4 and L5 was observed in a 70-year-old woman. The patient's me...

Tanytrachelos ahynis (n.gen., n. sp.) is a lepidosaur from the Late Triassic Dan River Group (Newark Supergroup) of North Carolina and Virginia. The new reptile has gracile proportions similar to Tanystropheus (Middle Triassic) and is referred to the family Tanystropheidae of the suborder Prolacertiformes. Unlike Tanystropheus, Tanytrachelos has relatively short cervical vertebrae bearing splin...