Three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), endothelial, neuronal and inducible NOS (iNOS), have been identified in humans. Enhanced expression of iNOS protein has been previously reported for human oral epithelial dysplasias, a human oral premalignant epithelial lesion; however, this expression has not been demonstrated for other premalignant epithelial lesions, namely, oral submucous fibro...

Lichen planus (LP) is a relatively common mucocutaneous disease with autoimmune etiology. Considering its malignancy potential, it is important to define the correct diagnosis, treatment, and clinical follow-up for patients with LP so that the disease is not diagnosed late, thus hindering the chances of curing the disease. This study aims to describe a clinical case of oral squamous cell carcin...

BACKGROUND Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) is classified as a peripheral CD4+ T-cell neoplasm caused by the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Typical symptoms are associated with leukemic infiltration; however, atypical and exaggerated manifestations of verrucous carcinoma have also been described. CASE REPORT We present here the case of a patient with multiple skin lesio...

Although the association and clinical significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections with a subset of head and neck cancers, particularly for oropharyngeal carcinoma, has recently been well documented, the involvement of HPV in laryngeal cancer has been inadequately evaluated. Herein we review the currently known associations of HPV infections in diseases of the larynx and their potentia...

Abstract Dysregulation of the cell cycle is an important factor in a potentially malignant oral disorder. There have not been many studies on role regulator p27 non-homogenous leukoplakia. The aim our study was to characterise protein homogenous and leukoplakias (OL), comparison with healthy mucosa squamous carcinoma tissues. current included 25 patients OL, 15 cases carcinoma, samples mucosa, ...

Oral Verrucous Lesions (OVL) comprise of Hyperplasia (VH), Keratosis, Proliferative Leukoplakia (PVL) and Carcinoma Cavity (VC) known as Ackermann’s Tumour. These predominantly emerge slow proliferating, gray or white, warty, exophytic lesion with micro-nodular surface & commonly seen on the buccal, labial mucosa, gingiva, tongue palate. are associated consumption tobacco in smoke smokeless...

AIMS To determine retrospectively the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in penile carcinomas. METHODS Forty one surgically resected penile carcinomas from the archives at Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, were reviewed and classified into verrucous carcinoma, and well, moderately, and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas. Paraffin wax embedded tumour tissue was ...