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according to ipcc report 2013, the role of man in environmental catastrophe is incontrovertible because of high greenhouse emission in now and recent century. buildings nearly discharge one third of these pollutants and the task of architects to prevent this hazardous procedure is critical. in the other hand, one main basis of sustainability is education due to preserve environment and then, tr...

Patterns and meanings are one of the formal architectural objects commonly studied by academics practitioners. However, philosophy, theory, concept structuralism underlying patterns as a complex diverse issue have not been conducted. Therefore, it is important to carry out in-depth studies in context on these objects. This theoretical study reveals relationship between vernacular influencing ph...

Abstract This study intends to identify architectural adaptations that occur in vernacular stilt houses Palu City. The research method used is a qualitative approach and field methods. Typology as an analytical tool will analyze the basic structures, functions, process of development these structures their current form. Then examine possible influence local conditions on occur. results this enr...