Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a complex pulmonary vascular disease with a broad range of abnormal vascular abnormalities. Vasoconstriction, remodeling and thrombosis contribute to some extent to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pressure. This review presents current knowledge on the role of the thrombotic process in the pathogenesis of PAH and evaluates the rationale for anticoa...

Ketamine cystitis (KC) is a chronic bladder inflammation leading to urinary urgency, frequency, and pain. The pathogenesis of KC complicated involves multiple tissue injuries in the bladder. Recent studies indicated that urothelium disruption, lamina propria fibrosis inflammation, microvascular injury, neuropathological alterations, smooth muscle (BSM) abnormalities all contribute KC. has been ...

Introduction:Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is divided into two traumatic and non-traumatic categories. The present study sought to investigate the anatomical properties of non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in Kerman, Iran. Method:A total of 305 non-traumatic ICH cases were chosen in Shafa medical center. Data from patients’ files and CT scan images, including demographic factors and type o...

born via spontaneous vaginal delivery. The pregnancy was uncomplicated, and there was no maternal history of preeclampsia or placental abnormalities. Vascular abnormalities were not seen on prenatal ultrasounds. Review of systems was unremarkable. There is no family history of vascular anomalies. On physical exam, he was a well-developed, well-nourished infant with a 4.6 cm x 4.2 cm discrete, w...

PURPOSE To analyze the foveal microvasculature features in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) using optical coherence tomography angiography based on split spectrum amplitude decorrelation angiography technology. METHODS A total of 10 BRVO eyes (mean age 64.2 ± 8.02 range between 52 years and 76 years) were evaluated by optical coherence tomography angiography (XR-Avanti; Optovue)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The boundary between vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD) continues to be unclear. Some posit that gradually progressive vascular dementia, as with small vessel disease, is simply vascular disease plus AD. Because AD presents a characteristic pattern on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, we sought to determine whether the fluorodeoxyglucose pattern o...

Unlike autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is not generally known to be associated with vascular abnormalities. Only 4 cases of ARPKD patients with intracranial aneurysms have been reported previously. We present 2 ARPKD patients with extracranial vascular abnormalities: a young man with infrarenal aortic and iliac artery a...

BACKGROUND To investigate the diagnostic value of dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) in the evaluation of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)-associated extracardiac vascular abnormalities in pediatric patients compared with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). METHODS One hundred and twenty-three pediatric patients diagnosed with TOF were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwe...

The transcription factor CHF1/Hey2 has been implicated in a variety of cardiovascular developmental abnormalities including ventricular septal defect, deformed valves and cardiomyopathy. To date, its role in coronary vascular development remains unknown. We have found that KO mice developed coronary vascular abnormalities accompanied by a thin compact ventricular myocardium but grossly normal e...