The bactericidal activity of 3-propiolactone (BPL) vapor was first reported by Hoffman and Warshowsky (1958). Although this chemical has shown promise in our laboratories as a very useful gaseous disinfectanit for rooms and buildings, the lack of information on the virucidal activity of BPL vapor has been a deterrent in the use of the chemical to decontaminate virology laboratories or buildings...

We report the limits of superheating of water and supercooling of vapor from Monte Carlo simulations using microscopic models with configurational enthalpy as the order parameter. The superheating limit is well reproduced. The vapor is predicted to undergo spinodal decomposition at a temperature of Tspvap=46±10 °C (0 °C≪Tspvap≪100 °C) under 1 atm. The water-water network begins to form at the s...

[1] Interaction between impact-induced vapor clouds and the ambient atmosphere may play an important role in planetary evolution. In the companion study, Sugita and Schultz [2003] conducted a series of impact experiments detailing observation of this interaction process. The laboratory experiments using diatomic molecular spectroscopy provide several well-defined observational constraints on th...

[1] In this paper we present Odin submillimeter radiometer (Odin/SMR) water vapor measurements in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere with focus on the polar latitudes in winter. Measurements since 2003 have been compiled to provide a first overview of the water vapor distribution in this altitude range. Our observations show a distinct seasonal increase of the water vapor concentration...

Water vapor content in the atmosphere is very significant for atmospheric correction of optical remote sensing data. Nowadays, the common atmospheric correction models use a single value of the average water vapor content of the study area to perform atmospheric correction. As the distribution of water vapor content varies greatly with time and space, it is obviously inaccurate to represent the...

Formaldehyde (FA) is an aldehyde used in antiseptics and adhesives. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other institutes have linked FA to sick building syndrome and allergic diseases. Recent studies have reported that cadavers embalmed using formalin and ethanol-based preservative solutions release FA vapor during dissection and that FA vapor may adversely affect students and lecturers in ...

The enigmatic but much accepted vapor pressure paradox for oriented lipid bilayer samples was recently justified theoretically. Subsequently, recent experiments have shown that there is no vapor pressure paradox. The first result of this paper is to consider another degree of freedom that reverses the previous theoretical conclusion, so that theory and experiment are now in agreement that there...

Title of dissertation: THE EFFECT OF SURFACTANT VAPOR ON MARANGONI CONVECTION IN ABSORPTION AND CONDENSATION Zhe Yuan, Doctor of Philosophy, 2005 Dissertation directed by: Dr. Keith E. Herold, Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Mass and heat transfer enhancement by the addition of a class of surfactant additives is in common use in absorption machines based on aqueous lit...

Ferti l i ty of semen frozen in a mechanica~ forced-vapor freezer was compared with that frozen in static nitrogen (N) vapor. Semen from 10 Holstein bulls was extended in milk-10% glycerol at 30 x 106 progressively motile spermatozoa/ml and packaged in .5-ml French straws. Straws were divided into three equal g roups ' bu l l l ' co l l ec t ion day -I and frozen in a mechanical freezer at full...

BACKGROUND Many populations are exposed to multiple species of mercury (Hg), predominantly organic Hg as methylmercury (MeHg) from fish, and inorganic Hg as Hg vapor from dental amalgams. Most of our knowledge of the neurotoxicity of Hg is based on research devoted to studying only one form at a time, mostly MeHg. OBJECTIVES In this study we investigated the effects of prenatal exposure to Me...