The role of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in cryptogenic stroke has received increasing attention in recent times (1). Cryptogenic stroke via PFO is a form of paradoxical embolism. Formerly diagnosable during life only by cardiac catheterization (2), PFOassociated paradoxical embolism can nowadays be diagnosed noninvasively by echocardiography. Performance of a Valsalva maneuver is an integral par...

This study evaluated the efficacy of the valsalva maneuver that can induce baroreceptor activation and nociception, on needle projection pain and hemodynamic responses associated with spinal puncture. Ninety adults, ASA physical status I and II undergoing elective surgeries were included. Patients were randomized into three equal groups. Group I (C): control; Group II (B): ball; pressed a rubbe...

Possibility of a system leakage in an air-conditioning system always exists. Once a leakage occurs refrigerant and oil escape from the system and compressor. This paper determines the characteristics of the losses. Two important factors affecting the loss characteristics are location of leakage in the system and speed ofleakage or leakage rate. This paper then reasons the tested actual loss cha...

Assessment of the complex relations between pressure and volume in the right atrium has been hampered in the past by difficulties in the measurement of atrial volume. Accordingly, in the present study the dynamics of right atrial pressure-volume relations were examined (with the use of an impedance catheter to measure right atrial volume) in patients with and without an atrial septal defect. Ri...

In the Oil & Gas pipeline leak detection market today, there are several software based methodologies available – ranging from simplistic pressure wave methods, to real-time model-based volume balance techniques. All approaches have inherent advantages and disadvantages, defi nable in terms of simplicity of implementation/maintenance needs, reliability, cost, robustness, availability, and accur...

This study evaluated the efficacy of the valsalva maneuver that can induce baroreceptor activation and nociception, on needle projection pain and hemodynamic responses associated with spinal puncture. Ninety adults, ASA physical status I and II undergoing elective surgeries were included. Patients were randomized into three equal groups. Group I (C): control; Group II (B): ball; pressed a rubbe...

In this paper, an original model-based scheme for leak location using pressure sensors in water distribution networks is introduced. The proposed approach is based on a new representation called the Leak Signature Space (LSS) that associates a specific signature to each leak location being minimally affected by leak magnitude. The LSS considers a linear model approximation of the relation betwe...

Water utilities are challenged to reduce their water losses through detecting, localizing, and repairing leaks as quickly possible in aging distribution systems. In this work, we solve challenging problem by detecting multiple simultaneously a network for the Battle of Leak Detection Isolation Methods. The performance leak detection localization depends on how well system roughness demand calib...

SUMMARY The pressure-gradient technique was used to obtain continuous measurements of both blood pressure and flow in the ascending aorta of eight normal subjects who were performing a standardized Valsalva maneuver. From these recordings the beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume, peak blood flow, peripheral vascular resistance, duration of ejection, and an index of total systolic duration were...