The viruses most commonly associated with food- and waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis are the noroviruses. The lack of a culture method for noroviruses warrants the use of cultivable model viruses to gain more insight on their transmission routes and inactivation methods. We studied the inactivation of the reported enteric canine calicivirus no. 48 (CaCV) and the respiratory feline calici...

Seven Bacillus spp. were exposed to simulations of Mars-normal UV fluence rates in order to study the effects of UV irradiation on microbial survival. A UV illumination system was calibrated to deliver 9.78 W m−2 (35.2 kJ m−2 h−1) of UVC + UVB irradiation (200–320 nm) to microbial samples, thus creating a clear-sky simulation (0.5 optical depth) of equatorial Mars. The Bacillus spp. studied wer...

Biodosimetry is the currently accepted method for validation of fluence delivery in ultraviolet UV reactors for water disinfection. This method utilizes the inactivation of a surrogate microorganism to predict the reduction equivalent fluence and subsequent inactivation of a target pathogen. Two common surrogates—Bacillus subtilis spores and MS-2 coliphage—were used to examine the relationship ...

There is a lack of data for how the viability of biological agents may degrade over time in different environments. In this study, experiments were conducted to determine the persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis spores on outdoor materials with and without exposure to simulated sunlight, using ultraviolet (UV)-A/B radiation. Spores were inoculated onto glass, wood, concrete, ...

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an ultraviolet (UV-C, 254 nm) irradiation system on reducing the load of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), Salmonella choleraesuis (S. choleraesuis) resistant to streptomycin and Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) inoculated in sterile porcine plasma and then subjected to different UV-C irradiation doses (750, 1500, 3000, 6000...

Commercial apple juice inoculated with Escherichia coli was treated with UV-C, heat (55°C) and dimethyl dicarbonate - DMDC (25, 50, and 75 mg/L)-, applied separately and in combination, in order to investigate the possibility of synergistic lethal effects. The inactivation levels resulting from each treatment applied individually for a maximum treatment time of 3.58 min were limited, reaching 1...

Biofiltration of hydrophobic and recalcitrant volatile organic compounds faces challenges, the bioaerosols sourced from biofiltration might cause secondary pollution. In this study, combination ultraviolet photodegradation biotrickling filtration (UV-BTF) was designed to treat gaseous cyclohexane, UV post-treatment (post-UV) further utilized for bioaerosol emissions management. Results showed t...