improvement in the quality of teacher education is an issue of considerable concern to every country including iran. the challenges that student-teachers face during their education can be highly influential in this regard. consequently, the present study was an attempt to come up with a model for the factors challenging iranian efl preservice teachers using a grounded theory approach. for this...

“economic empowerment” is the ability of vulnerable women to make a decent living for themselves and their family. this ability not only helps them to meet their essential needs continuously, but also decreases the stress level and mental strains caused by deficiencies in the process of satisfying these needs. a range of fundamental and prevalent social issues affecting various societies usuall...

background: the performance of the community health nurse depends on a combination of scientific and practical competencies acquired by educational experiences during the nursing course. curriculum planners of nursing education need to understand nursing education to train professional and community-oriented nurses. the aim of this article is to explore the experiences of nursing students durin...

background: life-threatening and stressful events, such as myocardial infarction (mi) can lead to an actual crisis, which affects the patients spiritually as well as physically, psychologically, and socially. however, the focus of health care providers is on physical needs. furthermore, the spirituality of the patients experiencing heart attack in the light of our cultural context is not well a...

conclusions upbringing capable nurses to deliver spiritual care require supportive environment and influential role models to encourage students’ spiritual development. developing spiritually may end in delivering spiritual care and provide nursing students with inner strength for better confrontation with serious situations common in their upcoming career. objectives the current study aimed to...

background: more than 30% of pregnancies in iran are unintended and most of them happen among the women who use various contraceptive methods. results of integrated monitoring and evaluation system (imes) showed that the rate of innovative contraceptive use in mashhad has been 41.5%-57% in different urban areas. this study was conducted to explore the process of making decision toward using fam...