Congestion pricing has been proposed and investigated as an effective means of optimizing traffic assignment, alleviating congestion, and enhancing traffic operation efficiencies. Meanwhile, advanced traffic information dissemination systems, such as Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS), have been developed and deployed to provide realtime, accurate, and complete network-wide traffic inf...

BACKGROUND Typhoid fever mainly occurs in (sub) tropical regions where sanitary conditions remain poor. In other regions it occurs mainly among returning travelers or their direct contacts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current Dutch guidelines for typhoid vaccination. METHOD Crude annual attack rates (AR) per 100,000 Dutch travelers were calculated during the period 1997 to 2014 ...

BACKGROUND Travelers to malarious areas are at risk of acquiring malaria; however, with chemoprophylaxis and prompt, effective therapy, serious complications of infection are generally preventable. In June 2002, we investigated a report of a cluster of malaria cases among US university staff and students who visited Ghana and were reportedly adherent to appropriate malaria chemoprophylaxis. M...

BACKGROUND Recent epidemiologic data on travelers' diarrhea (TD) are essential for the evaluation of conventional and future prophylactic and therapeutic measures. METHODS To determine the epidemiology, including risk factors, impact and quality-of-life evaluation of TD, a cross-sectional survey was conducted over 12 months at the airports of Mombasa (Kenya), Goa (India), Montego Bay (Jamaica...

The road choice behavior of travelers is closely related to their activity planning and location choice. This approach has led to the increasing development of multi-agent and activity-oriented modeling. This work attempts to model travelers’ dynamic departure time/route/destination choice behavior in a queuing network. In this respect, we propose an activity-based predictive dynamic traffic as...

Sir—The multicenter randomized trial reported by Overbosch and colleagues [1] is important for 2 reasons. First, the study shows that when taken as malaria prophylaxis, mefloquine is not well tolerated by many travelers. Of the study participants randomized to receive mefloquine, 67.1% reported 1 adverse event, and, in 6% of mefloquine users, these events were severe (defined as requiring medic...

The objective of this study was to improve risk assessments of travel on dengue (DEN) virus (DENV) distribution. We investigated the exposure risk of US citizens traveling to DEN-endemic Pan American countries. The number of DEN cases reported in 51 Pan American countries from 2001 to 2012 was compared to the population of the same countries. The number of US travelers visiting the Pan American...

Introduction: Travel health practice and research in Egypt lag behind both needs and demands. This study was done in two parts to assess travel health knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among Egyptian travelers. Methods: This survey was conducted at the departure halls of Cairo International Airport and included 1500 travelers to Africa (excluding No...

Introduction: Increasing international travel to low-income areas is confronting travelers with new health threats. This study investigated international travelers’ health advice, behavior, and information needs in a low-income setting.Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Between October 27–31, 2014, 127 semi-structured surveys were c...