to produce intracellular oedema: this should be minimal when a twin-coil ultrafiltration artificial kidney (Aoyama and Kolff, 1957) is used, because this machine can effectively remove water at a rate of 800 ml./hour. Anima! experiments (Alexander et al., 1961) have shown that intravenous infusions of urea, similar to those used to decrease brain bulk at craniotomy (Stubbs and Penny-backer, 196...

Both high and low circulating urea concentrations, a product of protein metabolism, are associated with decreased fertility in dairy cows through poorly defined mechanisms. The rate of involution and the endometrial ability to mount an adequate innate immune response after calving are both critical for subsequent fertility. Study 1 used microarray analysis to identify genes whose endometrial ex...

In sorbent-based hemodialysis, factors limiting a treatment session are urea conversion capacity and sodium release from the cartridge. In vitro experiments were performed to model typical treatment scenarios using various dialyzers and 4 types of SORB sorbent cartridges. The experiments were continued to the point of column saturation with ammonium. The urea nitrogen removed and amount of sodi...

Five ruminally cannulated steers (initial BW = 375 ± 34 kg; ADG = 1.16 ± 0.13 kg) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design experiment to determine the effects of increasing urea level on intake, nutrient digestion, nitrogen balance and ruminal kinetics. Isocaloric (NEm = 2.11 Mcal/kg; NEg = 1.35 Mcal/kg) and isonitrogenous (2.24% N) steam-flaked corn-based diets with urea concentrations of 0.0,...

or,-Cycloserine (5 to 10 mvl), when added to isolated hepatocytes, is shown to inhibit aspartate aminotransferase predominantly in the cytosol. At low concentrations (0.1 to 0.2 mu) it selectively inhibits alanine aminotransferase. Aminooxyacetate (0.5 mu) irreversibly inhibits all transaminase activity provided the inhibitor is added prior to substrate addition. Neither cycloserine nor aminoox...

After synthesis during the early log phase, the concentrations of ubiquinone and cytochromes did not vary during the growth cycle of Azotobacter vinelandii, when grown with either high or low aeration on nitrogen-free or urea-containing media. The level of aeration had no effect on the concentrations of the electron carriers synthesized, but affected the growth rate. On urea-containing medium, ...

sometimes difficult to be met in practice, are required Introduction for the system to be fully managed; and good system identification is far from being attained. Haemodialysis (HD) is a specific treatment for The aims of the present study were to forecast the uraemia, consisting of multiple doses administered urea concentration profile and TAC urea over time by rhythmically at time intervals ...

Use of microalgae as a source food in aquaculture production is gaining recognition due to their rapid growth rate that promises high biomass generation within short time. The challenge faced getting good and inexpensive nutrients be used mass the required microalgae. This study investigated effect different nutrient combination influencing green algae Oocystis sp. which has been identified pos...