Context Urinary nitrogen excretion by grazing cattle causes environmental pollution. Selecting for cows with a lower concentration of urinary may reduce the impact. While is difficult to measure, blood urea (BUN), mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR)-predicted BUN (MBUN), which predicted from MIR spectra measured on milk samples, and (MUN) are potential indicator traits. Australia New Zealand have i...

BACKGROUND Many studies have determined that dehydration is an independent predictor of outcome after ischemic stroke (IS); however, none have determined if the use of thrombolytic therapy modifies the negative impact of poor hydration. To inform the stroke registry established at our institution, we conducted a retrospective study to determine if dehydration remains a negative prognostic facto...

BACKGROUND The long time use of opium has some effects on serums biochemical factors, the determination of this variation is a new approach in understanding off addiction and relive of drug abuser health. Hence in this study, these indicators in person who were withdrawing of opium have been studied. METHODS In this cross-sectional study bloods biochemical factors such as fasting blood sugar ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS This study was designed to investigate the dose-dependent protective effect of ivabradine, a specific inhibitor of the cardiac sinoatrial node, on renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. METHODS Rats were divided into six groups: group 1, control; group 2, I/R (60 min ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion); groups 3 and 4, 0.6-6 mg/kg ivabradine; and groups 5 and 6, s...

AIM Evaluation of the effect of acetaminophen (APAP) overdose on biochemical parameters in buffalo calves. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiment was conducted on six healthy male buffalo calves of 6-12 months age. The APAP was administered intramuscularly at the dose rate of 250 mg/kg body weight (B.W.) on day 0, followed by two subsequent doses at the dose rate of 50 mg/kg B.W. on day 2 and 4...

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as either kidney damage or a decline in renal function as determined by a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for three months or longer. CKD is an important risk factor for mortality. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CKD on renal-hepatic functional indices and blood pressure in 5/6 nephrectomized (5/6 Nx...

PURPOSE Diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy are microvascular complications in patients with diabetes that are considered to be related. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a strong inhibitor of angiogenesis, is significantly elevated in the blood of diabetic patients, especially those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The level of PEDF in the blood, on the other hand, is re...

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus classified as mild, moderate, and severe based on the severity metabolic acidosis level consciousness. As one hyperglycemic crisis, DKA causes kidney dysfunction which then trigger injury (AKI). High mortality rates, recurrent (repeated episodes), increased health care costs, risk further complications can occur due to AK...

Increased intracranial pressure is a further effect of brain injury due to structural damage and osmotic water imbalances (Edema). Mannitol works in the proximal tubules mannitol absorption tubular cells by mechanism pinocytosis. The fluid transfer will draw into intracellular, so that cell be switched broke. This phenomenon referred as "Nephrosis Osmotic", which administration may occur result...