Low-carbon city is a hotspot under the background of climate change. Current problem on low-carbon urban planning was analyzed based on low-carbon city development practices. Low-carbon urban planning methods were studied from an ecosystem perspective, and new pathways for low-carbon city construction were suggested. Low-carbon development should be carried on from four aspects: urban structure...

It has long been known that the urban surface energy balance is different to that of a rural surface, and that heating of the urban surface after sunset gives rise to the Urban Heat Island (UHI). Less well known is how flow and turbulence structure above the urban surface are changed during different phases of the urban boundary layer (UBL). This paper presents new observations above both an ur...

Nowadays space is considered to be a net of connections between different areas. The questions how to delineate its character and how it is possible to objectively compare two spaces is a matter under consideration. This was the reason for creating new theories about the structure of space. Space syntax analysis (SSA) or simply Space Syntax defines a number of theories and research areas devo...

In defense of the sprawling, low-density development which increasingly characterizes modern cities, Gordon and Richardson (1986, 1996) argue that the urban spatial structure generated by market forces reflects the will of the people. Planners, in contrast, typically have little faith in either the efficiency or equity of market-determined outcomes, and advocate detailed land use planning. To e...

This paper explores the evolution and spatial organization of urban communities in a daily cycle of a city using scalable methods of social network analysis. Using mobile phone network records, we have observed spatial patterns in community structures at fine spatial scales which are most likely related to the activities typical to the different functional regions of a city. It is known that in...

In his seminal, if controversial, work published in 1978, The Declining Significance of Race, William Julius Wilson argued that individuals’ minority status per se was becoming a relatively less important barrier to their socioeconomic advancement than their lower-income status (Wilson 1978). In this chapter I offer a different conceptual perspective on the issue of race, class and opportunity....

In the simple version of the model presented in “Urban Structure and Growth”, we made assumptions designed to ensure that cities would perfectly specialize in terms of the industries producing in them. This assumption was for the purposes of simplicity, but also served to capture the idea that there are substantial di¤erences in the industry composition across cities. Nevertheless, cities are n...

Urban areas are a complex combination of various land-cover types, and show a variety of land-use structures and spatial layouts. Furthermore, the spectral similarity between built-up areas and bare land is a great challenge when using high spatial resolution remote sensing images to map urban areas, especially for images obtained in dry and cold seasons or high-latitude regions. In this study,...

Metropolitan areas today are faced with pervasive changes of their urban spatial structure and are reshaped by postsuburbanization processes. In this study, one example of such postsuburban restructuring, the multinucleated monofunctional clustering of higher-order services, is investigated in the urban fringe of Vienna, Austria. The methodological framework uses microgeographic data for 2006 a...