We describe a simple and fast algorithm for identifying friends-of-friends clusters and prove its correctness. The algorithm avoids unnecessary expensive neighbor queries, uses minimal memory overhead, and rejects slowdown in high over-density regions. We define our algorithm formally based on pair enumeration, a problem that has been heavily studied in fast 2-point correlation codes and our re...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the influences of resources and food-related goals on the variety of food choice among older people. DESIGN A questionnaire-based survey in eight European countries: Poland, Portugal, United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Italy and Spain. SUBJECTS Participants (n 3200) were above 65 years of age and living in their own homes. The samples were quota samples, eigh...

Supply chain phenomena such as the bullwhip e.ect and boom and bust have been widely studied. However, their interaction with other factors has not been elaborated. We use scenario-based dynamic simulations to study the short product life cycle case, exempli2ed by TamagotchiTM, which was the 2rst of the virtual pet toys. Our model has three components, market, retail and factory. To simulate th...

BACKGROUND During the adolescent period, risk-taking behaviour increases. These behaviours can compromise the successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. The purpose of this study was to examine social support as a mediator of the relation between problem behaviour and gambling frequency among Finnish adolescents. METHODS Data were obtained from the national School Health Promotion S...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate overall relationships between well-being and social support through meta-analysis. Studies which investigated associations between social support and life satisfaction, subjective well-being, self-esteem, depression, loneliness were included in the meta-analysis. METHOD By doing literature review to assess studies for potential inclusion;...

BACKGROUND To date, there has been very little work investigating behaviour changes induced by interventions that are designed to increase help seeking. The present paper examines the effects of two Internet depression websites on help seeking. METHODS 414 individuals with elevated scores on a depression assessment scale were randomly allocated to a depression information website, a cognitive...

While many associations between neighborhood characteristics and individual well-being have been reported, there is a lack of longitudinal studies that could provide evidence for or against causal interpretations of neighborhood effects. This study examined whether neighborhood urbanicity and socioeconomic status were associated with within-individual variation in depression, mistrust and socia...

Behavioural studies of the grasshopper Schistocerca americana were undertaken to identify the mechanisms that regulate the intake of dietary sterols. In the first experiment, grasshoppers were allowed to feed on spinach, a plant containing only unsuitable sterols; immediately after this first meal, a suitable or unsuitable sterol was injected into the haemolymph. Grasshoppers injected with unsu...