Mesoscale atmospheric models currently rely on an integrated land-surface model to provide fluxes of heat, momentum, and moisture from the land surface to the atmosphere. While improvements have been made by tuning land-surface models for a variety of test cases, current models are limited to vertical transport in a shallow soil column. They are thus unable to capture lateral transport of soil ...

Reflection occurs at an air–material interface. The development of antireflection schemes, which aims to cancel such reflection, is important for a wide variety of applications including solar cells and photodetectors. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a periodic array of resonant subwavelength objects placed at an air–material interface can significantly reduce reflection that otherwise ...

The age of air has recently emerged as a diagnostic of atmospheric transport unaffected by chemical parameterizations, and the features in the age distributions computed in models have been interpreted in terms of the models’ large-scale circulation field. This study shows, however, that in addition to the simulated large-scale circulation, three-dimensional age calculations can also be affecte...

Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model predictions using different boundary layer schemes and horizontal grid spacings were compared with observational and numerical large-eddy simulation data for conditions corresponding to a dry atmospheric convective boundary layer (CBL) over the southern Great Plains (SGP). The first studied case exhibited a dryline passage during the simulation windo...