It is well known that TCP experiences performance problems (unfairness and starvation) in multi-hop wireless networks. Such problems are often traced to the misbehavior of dynamic routing protocols in case of link failure. However, in this paper we show, through simulations, that unfairness and starvation of flows also take place with static routing; thus competition between TCP flows in a mult...

Established gambling operators have argued that person-to-person wagering on Internet ‘betting exchanges’ represents unfair competition. In this paper we suggest that, in fact, betting exchanges have brought about significant efficiency gains by lowering transaction costs for consumers. We test this hypothesis using matched data on UK horse racing from betting exchanges and from traditional bet...

The recent attacks on expatriate hawkers, by their South African counterparts in the streets of Johannesburg, has revealed the vicious xenophobia which lies under the surface of our "rainbow" nation. According to the South African street traders, "illegal" foreigners pose unfair competition to their trade, in an economically adverse climate and should be deported. Migration has been with us for...

We study decentralized college admissions with uncertain student preferences. Colleges strategically admit students likely to be overlooked by competitors. Highly ranked students may receive fewer admissions or have a higher chance of receiving no admissions than those ranked below. When students’ attributes are multidimensional, colleges avoid head-on competition by placing excessive weight on...

World trade talks have foundered recently, in part due to developing country demands that industrialised countries reduce their large farm support programmes to allow poor farmers in the global South to compete more fairly. But are subsidies really the problem? For some crops – most notably cotton and sugar – Northern subsidies clearly are a root cause of low international prices and unfair com...

The article reveals the problems and prospects of combating dishonest advertising medicinal products in conditions COVID-19 pandemic. Using example USA Ukraine, criteria for banning by researching scientific sources, international domestic legal acts, prescriptions instructions state bodies, etc. were analyzed. differences specifics regulatory requirements Ukraine have been determined. It has e...

Indonesia's export-import activities in recent years, the value of exports and imports has decreased due to global conditions. The problems that occur are uncertainty complexity estimating international trade oil gas non-oil sectors, dependence on just one or a few markets, problem unfair competition, competition between business actors can reduce prices. is influenced by several external facto...