There can be few subjects in surgery where the published material contains so many divergent and even directly contradictory statements and expressions of opinion as that of the undescended testis and its management. The reasons lie in our incomplete knowledge of some of the very fundamentals of the matter. We are well informed concerning the anatomy of cryptorchidism and the effects of persist...

Torsion of a cryptorchidid testicle presents a non-specific symptomatology. Clinical suspicion indicates surgical exploration, irrespective of Doppler ultrasound with its inherent false negative results. With regards to treatment, an orchiectomy is performed when the testis is necrotic. Management of the contralateral testis is controversial. Our policy is not to fix them systematically because...

What manoeuvres should be included in the physical examination? Physical examination is the key diagnostic man­ oeuvre in boys with undescended testes and should be performed at all well­baby check­ups for male babies, starting at birth.1 The physical examination requires a cooperative baby and a diligent exam­ iner. The child is placed supine, in a frog­legged position, and the examiner uses a...

Undescended ovary is a rare entity and usually presentedas a case report. It is associated with urinary and uterine anomalies. Symptomatic patients are diagnosed during surgery. Most of the patients are asymptomatic and treatment is unnecessary. They are incidentally diagnosed during infertility evaluation and treatment such as ovarian hyperstimulation studies.A 15-year-old female patient prese...

There is a general consensus among surgeons and paediatricians that cryptorchidism should be detected and treated by the age of 5 years, if not earlier. In reality, incomplete descent is often detected well beyond the age of 5. The effectiveness of local screening was assessed by reviewing the screening history and subsequent management of boys treated for undescended testes between 1983 and 19...