The influence of structural defects, in the form of step lattices, on the spin polarization of the spin-orbit split Shockley surface state of Au(111) has been investigated. Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission data from three vicinal surfaces with different step densities are presented. The spin splitting is preserved in all three cases, and there is no reduction of the spin polarization of i...

An investigation of the P-T phase diagram of the quarter-filled organic conductors, [EDT-TTF-CONMe2]2X is reported on the basis of transport and NMR studies of two members, X=AsF6 and Br of the family. The strongly insulating character of these materials in the low-pressure regime has been attributed to a remarkably stable charge-ordered state confirmed by 13C NMR and the only existence of 1/4 ...

We show that invariance properties of the Lagrangian of an incommensurate system, as described by the Frenkel-Kontorova model, imply the existence of a generalized angular momentum that is an integral of motion if the system remains floating. The behavior of this quantity can therefore monitor the character of the system as floating (when it is conserved) or locked (when it is not). We find tha...

We consider the effects of Coulomb interactions on single-wall carbon nanotubes using an on-site Hubbard interaction, u . For the ~N ,N! armchair tubes the low-energy theory is shown to be identical to a two-chain Hubbard model at half-filling, with an effective interaction uN5u/N . Umklapp scattering leads to gaps in the spectrum of charge and spin excitations which are exponentially small for...

The low–energy excited states of a system of interacting one–dimensional fermions in a conducting state are collective charge and spin density oscillations. The unusual physical properties of such a system (called “Luttinger liquid”) are characterized by the velocities uρ and uσ of the charge and spin excitations, as well as by a parameter Kρ that determines the power law behavior of correlatio...

We consider the Kane-Mele-Hubbard model with a magnetic π flux threading each honeycomb plaquette. The resulting model has remarkably rich physical properties. In each spin sector, the noninteracting band structure is characterized by a total Chern number C = ±2. Fine-tuning of the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling λ leads to a quadratic band crossing point associated with a topological phase trans...

We analyze the effect of the electron-electron interaction on the resistivity of a metal near a Pomeranchuk quantum phase transition (QPT). We show that umklapp processes are not effective near a QPT, and one must consider both interactions and disorder to obtain a finite and T dependent resistivity. By power counting, the correction to the residual resistivity at low T scales as AT((D+2)/3) ne...

Optical experiments were conducted on a series of organic linear chain conductors with different values of the interchain single-electron transfer integral tb, which quantifies the degree of anisotropy. Electron-electron interactions together with Umklapp scattering resulted in a correlation gap and an insulating state for small tb. An insulator-to-metal transition was observed when tb exceeded...

We review the recent progress in thermal characterization and sensor applications of one-dimensional nanostructures employing microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices. It was found by thermal measurements that the thermal conductance of a single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was very close to the ballistic thermal conductance of a 1-nm-diameter SWCNT without signatures of phonon-phonon Umkla...