The ability of laser-ultrasound to monitor in real-time metallurgical transformations is reviewed in this paper. Although the technique is appropriate for online industrial materials characterization, this paper addresses laboratory characterization of metallurgical transformations. Examples are presented on the real-time sensing of grain size and grain growth, phase transformation and recrysta...

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) offers label-free, optical absorption contrast. A high-speed, high-resolution PAM system in an inverted microscope configuration with a laser pulse repetition rate of 100,000 Hz and a stationary ultrasonic transducer was built. Four-dimensional in vivo imaging of microcirculation in mouse skin was achieved at 18 three-dimensional volumes per second with repeated t...

The pretreatment is one of the critical steps in influencing the reaction efficiency of cellulose. In this article, several pretreatment methods of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) are presented: the ultrasonic, sodium hydroxide and 1-butyl3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl) dissolution treatment, and the reactivity of cellulose to a TEMPO-NaClONaBr oxidation system is investigated. The tr...

In this study, the Er:YAlO3 as up-conversion luminescence agent, which can transfer the visible light part in the sonoluminescence to ultraviolet light, was synthesized by nitrate–citrate acid and sol–gel method. And then the Er:YAlO3/TiO2–Fe2O3 composite as a sonocatalyst was prepared by ultrasonic dispersion and liquids boil method. The prepared Er:YAlO3/TiO2–Fe2O3 composite was characterized...

In this work firstly MgFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized via a microwave-assisted method. The product was calcinated at 900 ºC for 2h. At the second step zinc oxide shell was synthesized on the ferrite under ultrasonic waves. Properties of the product were examined by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Vibr...

Cd1-xMnxS (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) nanoparticles, prepared by co-precipitation method under ultrasonic irradiation, were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, FTIR and UV-Vis  spectroscopy measurements. The average particle size of nanoparticles from the scanning electron microscopy image is about 20-30 nm. Results show that partial substitution of Cd by Mn leads to a re...

This paper describes a simulation of signal pathway in an ultrasonic A-scan. It includes transient diffraction acoustic field, transducer response, absorption and dispersion in viscoelastic medium with arbitrary distribution function. The approach selected here aims at developing digital computer simulation of the physical process that underlies these effects. The soft tissue is considered as a...

The diffraction of light by a non­ permanent grating was first demonstrated using a grating-like structure induced by ultrasonic waves that were passed into a crystal. The invention of the laser with its extraordinary coherence then made it pos­ sible to use the interference between light waves to create transient gratings in various media such as solids, liquids with saturable absorption, and ...

Diamond microcrystals have been synthesized using ultrasonic cavitation of a suspension of hexagonal graphite in various organic liquid media, at an average bulk temperature of the liquid up to 120°C and at atmospheric pressure. The yield of diamond is up to 10% by mass. The diamonds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and laser Raman spectroscopy. Analysis of ...

Nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAP) was prepared by a wet precipitation method using Ca(NO(3)) and KH(2)PO(4) as the main material and NH(3) as the precipitator under ultrasonic irradiation. The Ca/P ratio was set at 1.67 and the pH maintained at a minimum of 9. The temperature conditions and ultrasound influences were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron...