detecting microbial contamination of milk using novel engineering techniques is very worthy. in current study, microbial contamination of uht milk packages was detected using ultrasonic sensors. milk packages artificially were inoculated to e. coli in four dilutions and three replications. monitoring of ultrasonic properties was performed by measuring amplitude and time delay factors. artificia...

This paper outlines the operating principles and application of ultrasonic gas flow metering for custody transfer. Basic principles and underlying equations are discussed, as are considerations for applying ultrasonic flow meter technology to station design, installation, and operation. These applications are illustrated based on operating experience with the SICK ultrasonic flow meter, however...

This work experimentally elucidates the effects of ultrasonic treatment on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of a waste-activated sludge. A critical ultrasonic power level exists above which, accompanied with the release of divalent cations from the sludge body, the floc structure effectively disintegrated, microbial level acceptably disinfected, and particulate organic com...

In this study, two kinds of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques (rebound hardness and ultrasonic pulse velocity methods) are investigated for the effective maintenance of underwater concrete structures. A new methodology to estimate the underwater concrete strengths more effectively, named “artificial neural network (ANN) – based concrete strength estimation with the combination of rebou...

The reliability and durability of an ultrasonic motor is usually determined by wear at the contact interface between a drive and a driven element, due to its driving mechanism. Wear control is therefore essential as the key design input to achieve ultimate performance of the ultrasonic motor. In this paper, a high precision and small precise positioning linear stage with an ultrasonic motor as ...

Related Articles Microparticle trapping in an ultrasonic Bessel beam Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 233704 (2011) The study of new vacuum pressure measurement technique using ultrasonic acoustic impedance transducers Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 075111 (2011) Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy of cylinders over the full range of Poisson's ratio Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 035105 (2011) A novel method for digital ult...

INTRODUCTION Automation of ultrasonic testing procedures is a kind of non-destructive testing procedures, which is involves the use of both longitudinal and transverse high-frequency sound waves for the exploration and/or mapping of both surface and sub-surface defect or irregularities. Of course the material thickness or the material loss (corrosions/ erosions) can also be observed by the conc...

in this study the effects of autoclave, microwave and ultrasonic pretreatments with or withoutacid addition were investigated on the amount of glucose, soluble and insoluble lignin, furfural, yeast viabilityand bioethanol. the findings showed that autoclave-acid impregnated sample, has the highest glucose releasefrom lignocellulose materials (14.61 and 14.95 g/l for solvent exposed and untreate...

BACKGROUND Ultrasonic energy transmitted via flexible wire probes provides a new means of ablating atherosclerotic plaque. We studied the effects of ultrasonic energy (20 kHz) delivered via a ball-tipped wire probe on arterial vasomotor behavior in rabbit thoracic aortas in a perfused whole-vessel model. METHODS AND RESULTS After precontraction with phenylephrine (10(-5) M) or KCl (60 mM), th...

In the fields such as evacuation guidance and entertainment, it is important for each listener to provide different sound information by using some loudspeakers in a same room. However, listeners have difficulty obtaining target sound information because various sound signals are mixed by using a general loudspeaker which has a wide directivity. To solve this problem, a parametric loudspeaker w...