AIM The aim of the study was to assess the effect of udder morphological characteristics on milk yield in zebu cows of Cameroon. MATERIALS AND METHODS The diameter and height of the udder, length and diameter of the teat, and the milk yield were measured in 29 Djafun (Red Mbororo) and 19 Aku (White Fulani) cows in Louggueré zootechnical station in the North region of Cameroon. RESULTS Overa...

A simple method developed and validated by Dr. Pamela Ruegg (Schreiner and Ruegg, 2003) for scoring udder hygiene has proved an invaluable tool to monitor the effect of the cow environment on udder cleanliness. Udder hygiene scores showed a significant association between poor udder hygiene and increasing individual cow linear score and the prevalence of intramammary infection with an environme...

The broken-down, pendulous udder is a defect that occurs frequently among high-producing dairy cows. There are a number of different types of broken-down udders. Some become detached from the body wall, so that the hand can be inserted between the abdomen and the upper surface of the front quarters. Some become elongated vertically like a sack and have a tendency to swing from side to side as t...

It was established by Shaw and Knodt (I) that the normal lactating udder (in situ) of the cow utilizes almost 2 mg. of phydroxybutyric acid per 100 ml. of blood traversing the udder; it was calculated that this was sufficient to account for the short chain fatty acids of milk fat or for about 40 per cent of the oxygen consumption of the secreting gland if it were oxidized for energy purposes. L...

The appropriate literature has been reviewed for the purpose of defining the phenomenon of stress in lactating dairy cattle, establishing a baseline concept of lactation stress and emphasizing the most significant aspects of the natural mammary defence mechanisms. Data on the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) make it clear that stress is essentially the rate of wear and tear of the biological s...

The objective of this research was to investigate the potential of mid-infrared (MIR) analysis of milk to provide indicators of the udder health status of dairy cows. Mastitis data collected in 49 Walloon herds were merged with test-day data including milk composition and MIR spectra. A total of 1987 healthy lactation and 3204 lactations with at least one mastitis, clinical or sub-clinical, chr...

A total of 120 quarter milk samples from 30 clinically healthy dromedary camel from Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia were cultured to detect subclinical udder infection. The milk samples were screened by somatic cell count (SCC) and California mastitis test (CMT). Gram-positive cocci were the dominant recovered udder pathogen. The mean value of SCC was 125,000 cells/ mm. Infected quarter had generally hig...

108 milk samples were collected to study the relationship of somatic cell counts (scc) and milk composition with milking methods and udder hygiene from 27 holstein frisian (hf) dairy cows having moderate milk yield in mid-lactation and parity of 2 to 4, at khyber pakhtunkhwa agricultural university peshawar dairy farm. all animals were randomly distributed into three categories on the basis of ...

The udder is a very big organ weighing, around 50 kg (including milk and blood). However, weights up to 100 kg have been reported. Therefore, the udder has to be very well attached to the skeleton and muscles. The median ligaments are composed of elastic fibrous tissue, while the lateral ligaments are composed of connective tissue with less elasticity. If the ligaments weaken the udder will bec...

BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is a common udder pathogen in dairy cows, and may cause severe mastitis problems in some herds. In herds where normal control measures are not successful, vaccination might be an additional tool to use if sufficiently efficient. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a commercially available vaccine (Startvac(®), Hipra, Spain) in two commer...