We analyse and improve a recently-proposed two-phase ow model for the statistical evolution of two-uid mixing. A hyperbolic equation for the volume fraction, whose characteristic speed is the average interface velocity v , plays a central role. We propose a new model for v in terms of the volume fraction and uid velocities, which can be interpreted as a constitutive law for two-uid mixing. In t...

To investigate the composition distribution that develops in continuously-cast steel during a grade change, an efficient, accurate, and user-friendly computational model has been developed. The model is fully transient and consists of three submodels, which account for mixing in the tundish, mixing in the liquid core of the strand, and solidification. The first submodel of mixing in the tundish...

The influence of streamline curvature on small-scale turbulence and vertical mixing in stratified fluids is the subject of this study. The roles of curvature and stratification in enhancing and suppressing turbulent mixing are explored using second-moment closure for turbulence. Governing equations for second moments are expressed in generalized orthogonal curvilinear coordinates, from which, t...

Observations from the Hawaiian Ocean Mixing Experiment (HOME) survey component suggest an increase in diapycnal mixing events during spring tides in a region above a steep slope. To study possible mixing mechanisms, we utilize numerical simulations of the benthic boundary layer, using a domain on the order of 200 m, with environmental parameters consistent with the conditions during HOME. In mo...

This paper formulates a model of mixing in a stratified and turbulent fluid. The model uses the horizontally averaged vertical buoyancy gradient and the density of turbulent kinetic energy as variables. Heuristic ‘mixing-length’ arguments lead to a coupled set of parabolic differential equations. A particular form of mechanical forcing is proposed; for certain parameter values the relationship ...