A vervet monkey model of trypanosomiasis was used to study inflammatory cytokine responses in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Gamma interferon levels were transiently up-regulated in serum between days 6 and 8 of infection, followed by a sustained up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble TNF receptor 1. At no time were these cytokines detectable in the CSF.

We report a case of disseminated sporotrichosis in a 49-year-old man who was treated with multiple immunosuppressants, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antagonists (etanercept and infliximab), for presumed inflammation arthritis. This case illustrates the potential for infectious complications related to the use of cytotoxic immunosuppressants and anticytokine agents, such as TNF-alp...

The involvement of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in the regulation of acute-phase protein synthesis is currently under discussion. In this study the effect of human recombinant TNF alpha on the regulation of the 4 acute-phase proteins alpha 2-macroglobulin, albumin, alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and alpha 1-acute-phase globulin was investigated in rat hepatocyte primary cultures. No ch...

This study used integrin alpha v beta3 as a target for tumor-specific delivery of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF). The fusion protein RGD4C-TNF bound specifically to alpha v beta3 as evidenced by cell receptor binding assay and noninvasive micro-positron emission tomography imaging. 64Cu-DOTA-RGD4C-TNF had significantly higher activity accumulation in integrin-positive tumors (U87MG and MDA-M...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by a local pulmonary inflammatory response to respiratory pollutants and by systemic inflammation. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha has been implicated in systemic effects of COPD and operates by binding the p55 (R1) and p75 (R2) TNF-alpha receptors. To investigate the contribution of each TNF-alpha receptor in the pathogenesis of ...

Neutralizing anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) antibody treatment of mice infected with the neurotropic JHMV strain of mouse hepatitis virus showed no reduction of either virus-induced encephalomyelitis or central nervous system demyelination. TNF-alpha-positive cells were present in the central nervous system during infection; however, TNF-alpha could not be colocalized with JHMV-in...

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a key mediator of host immune and inflammatory responses and inhibits herpesvirus replication by cytolytic and noncytolytic mechanisms. TNF-alpha effects are primarily mediated through the major TNF-alpha receptor, TNF-R1, which is constitutively expressed in most cell types. Here we show that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immediate-early protein BZLF1 ...

Although nerve growth factor (NGF) promotes survival of neurons, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) contributes to cell death triggered by NGF depletion, through TNF-alpha receptor (TNFR) 1. In contrast to this effect, TNF-alpha can promote neural cell survival via TNF-alpha receptor TNFR2. Although these findings demonstrate pivotal roles of TNF-alpha and NGF in cell fate decisions, cross...

AIM To determine whether Lactobacillus plantarum can modify the deleterious effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on intestinal epithelial cells. METHODS Caco-2 cells were incubated with TNF-alpha alone or in the presence of L. plantarum. Transepithelial electrical resistance was used to measure epithelial barrier function. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion by intestinal epithelial ...

The microenvironment of the tumor plays an important role in facilitating cancer progression and activating dormant cancer cells. Most tumors are infiltrated with inflammatory cells which secrete cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). To evaluate the role of TNF-alpha in the development of cancer we studied its effects on cell migration with a migration assay. The migrating ...