Tibial tubercle osteotomy is a common treatment option for a number of patellofemoral joint disorders including chondromalacia, "anterior knee pain" syndromes, patellofemoral arthritis, and patellar instability. Tibial tubercle osteotomy can modify tracking and/or patellofemoral contact forces to effect the unloading of chondral defects of the patella or trochlea, correct multiplanar suboptimal...

1. Rabbits infected with bovine tubercle bacilli develop hyper-sensitiveness to an intracutaneous injection of tuberculin. This sensitiveness appears from the 2nd to the 6th week after infection and increases rapidly thereafter. Tests, as a rule, show fluctuation in the intensity of the sensitization. Sensitization is followed by an interval of several weeks preceding death during which the ani...

A 23-year-old pregnant woman presented to the orthopedic tumor clinic with gradual onset of left anteriomedial tibial pain for one month and a lytic lesion of the proximal tibia on radiography. MRI showed an exophytic mass of the left tibial tubercle with fluid-fluid levels. The patient underwent surgical excision, and pathology was consistent with giant-cell tumor. This lesion is notable for i...

1. Tubercle bacilli were isolated by the Petroff method from 64.8 per cent of the sputa which were found to be positive by the direct microscopic method. 2. The organism was recovered from 69.2 per cent of the samples of milk that were artificially infected. 3. Of the milk obtained through the New Haven Health Department Laboratory 8.4 per cent of the samples were found to contain tubercle baci...

Disorders of the deep infrapatellar bursa are important to include in the differential diagnosis of anterior knee pain. Knowledge regarding its anatomic location can aid the clinician in establishing a proper diagnosis. Fifty cadaveric knees were dissected, and the deep infrapatellar bursa had a consistent anatomic location in all specimens. The deep infrapatellar bursa was located directly pos...

When monocytes derived from normal guinea pigs or rabbits were infected with tubercle bacilli and cultivated in vitro, the bacilli multiplied abundantly within the cytoplasm of these cells. By contrast, intracellular multiplication of the bacilli was retarded or completely inhibited within the monocytes of rabbits or guinea pigs vaccinated with BCG. This inhibition of growth was observed with b...

It is believed that persistence of small populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in hosts underlies latent tuberculosis. Very little is known about the morphological and physiological nature of tubercle bacilli in latent TB. It is under discussion whether and how tubercle bacilli adapt to latent state and remain alive in face of damaging stressful conditions such as antibiotics and host immun...

The Middlebrook-Dubos hemagglutination test with normal red cells and the Boyden hemagglutination test with red cells tanned with tannic acid were shown to be strictly specific, for tubercle polysaccharide and for the protein antigens. The former test detects polysaccharide antibodies and the latter protein antibodies. Convincing evidence is given that polysaccharide does not adhere to the surf...

Dissemination of viable tubercle bacilli from the lung is a critical event in the establishment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We examined the possibility that M. tuberculosis bacteria could infect and damage lung epithelial cells to determine whether direct penetration of the alveolar epithelium is a plausible route of M. tuberculosis infection. While both virulent H37Rv tubercle bac...

Tibial tubercle osteotomy is a well-described treatment option for a variety of patellofemoral disorders. Many techniques have evolved since its inception, including combinations of anteriorization, medialization, and distalization of the tibial tubercle. Although differing in their indications and end goal destination of the tubercle, these techniques share the challenging technical demands of...