ODC 232.318 (213) Seeds or fruits of 165 forestry species from nine tropical countries were investigated by x-ray radiography. The results showed that the method can be reliably used for detecting empty, filled, insect-attacked, mechanically damaged and diseased seeds or fruits. The applications o f x-ray radiography in tropical forestry for cone, fruit and seed collection, seed processing, nur...

Continued geographic expansion of dengue viruses and their mosquito vectors has seen the magnitude and frequency of epidemic dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) increase dramatically. More than 200,000,000 infections and over 2 million cases of DHF occur annually, and dengue is one of the most important emerging tropical diseases in the world. Its dramatically increased incidence and geogr...

Tropical forests (and all other forests) have suffered enormous damage in recent decades. If the current rate of forest clearance in the tropics (estimated to be 150 000–250 000 km per year) continues, they will disappear as a major, large-scale ecosystem in many countries during the 21st century. As a result, a chain of environmental problems, including increased soil erosion, damage to water ...

BACKGROUND Seasonal influenza is a viral disease whose annual epidemics are estimated to cause three to five million cases of severe illness and 250,000 to 500,000 deaths worldwide. Vaccination is the main strategy for primary prevention. METHODS To assess the status of influenza vaccination in the Americas, influenza vaccination data reported to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) th...

AIM The evidence needed for tropical countries to take informed decisions on influenza vaccination is scarce. This article reviews policy, availability, use and effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in tropical and subtropical countries. METHOD Global health databases were searched in three thematic areas - policy, availability and protective benefits in the context of human seasonal in...

Current research efforts to understand the relative invasibility of different plant communities have mostly ignored tropical forests. Only a few studies have treated invasive species in tropical forests, and recent worldwide analyses have not provided clear predictions concerning the relative invasibility of tropical forests. In this review, the extent to which exotic species have invaded tropi...

background: leishmaniasis is a worldwide disease prevalent in tropical and sub- tropical countries. in the present study the immunogenicity of three human hla-dr1 restricted peptides derived from l. major gp63 protein was evaluated using fvb/n-dr1 transgenic mouse model. methods: the immunity generated by three mhc class ii – restricted peptides with the sequence of aarlvrlaaagaavt (aar), aaplv...

Melioidosis is one of the few genuinely tropical diseases well established in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Though highly fatal consequence of septicemic melioidosis reported from tropical and developed countries is appalling, the disease has not attracted the attention that some recently recognized exotic diseases have received. In addition, melioido­ sis poses no threat to developed ...

Schistosomiasis is one of the fifteen neglected tropical diseases (NTDS) namely: schistosomiasis, ascariasis, buruli ulcer, chagas disease, cysticercosis, food borne trematodiases, hookworm dis‐ ease, leprosy,lymphatic filariasis, trachoma, trichuriasis, leishmaniasis, guinea worm, trypano‐ somiasis and oncocerciasis. It is a resurgent disease and Schistosoma sp. Infects well over 250 million p...

In ̄uenza in zones with a temperate climate is characterized by the occurrence of one annual epidemic during the winter months. In the northern hemisphere, the in ̄uenza season falls in November through April, while in the southern hemisphere in ̄uenza occurs during May through September [1]. In contrast, in countries with a tropical climate, the timing of periods of in ̄uenza epidemics is less dis...