نتایج جستجو برای: tropic
تعداد نتایج: 2227 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
In order to estimate the adaptability of Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM)-Maize model under special climate environment in tropic, 10 field experiments were conducted at different seasons three sites (Longchuan, Mangshi and Ruili) tropic Yunnan Province, China. The parameters APSIM calibrated its was validated. results showed that days from sowing flowering maturity predicted a...
To better understand CXCR4 function on macrophages and the relationship between coreceptor use and macrophage tropism among diverse HIV-1 isolates, we analyzed macrophage pathways involved in Env-mediated fusion, productive HIV-1 infection, and chemokine-elicited signaling. We found that both CXCR4 and CCR5 transduced intracellular signals in monocyte-derived macrophages, activating K+ and Cl- ...
Fv-1b restriction in BALB/3T3 cells is temporarily abrogated following infection with N-tropic murine leukemia virus. The mechanism of this phenomenon was investigated by comparing the inactivation rates for viral infectivity and for the ability of the same virus to abrogate Fv-1 restriction. Inactivation of the abrogating ability of N-tropic murine leukemia virus following graduated doses of g...
Chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are the primary fusion coreceptors utilized for CD4-mediated entry by macrophage (M)- and T-cell line (T)-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains, respectively. Here we demonstrate that HIV-1 Tat protein, a potent viral transactivator shown to be released as a soluble protein by infected cells, differentially induced CXCR4 and CCR5 expressio...
Infection with HIV-1 perturbs homeostasis of human T cell subsets, leading to accelerated immunologic deterioration. While studying changes in CD4(+) memory and naïve T cells during HIV-1 infection, we found that a subset of CD4(+) effector memory T cells that are CCR7(-)CD45RO(-)CD45RA(+) (referred to as TEMRA cells), was significantly increased in some HIV-infected individuals. This T cell su...
HIV-1 entry requires the cell surface expression of CD4 and either the CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptors on host cells. Individuals homozygous for the ccr5Δ32 polymorphism do not express CCR5 and are protected from infection by CCR5-tropic (R5) virus strains. As an approach to inactivating CCR5, we introduced CCR5-specific zinc-finger nucleases into human CD4+ T cells prior to adoptive transfer, but th...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is strictly adapted to humans, and cause AIDS only in humans. Consequently, no experimental animals susceptible to HIV-1 and suitable for the AIDS model study are available to date (Nomaguchi et al., 2008, 2011). To overcome this issue, viruses genetically related to HIV-1 have been challenged into macaque monkeys to mimic the natural HIV-1 infection....
Down-regulation of the HIV-1 coreceptor CCR5 holds significant potential for long-term protection against HIV-1 in patients. Using the humanized bone marrow/liver/thymus (hu-BLT) mouse model which allows investigation of human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) transplant and immune system reconstitution as well as HIV-1 infection, we previously demonstrated stable inhibition of CCR5 exp...
The precise role of viral protein R (Vpr), an HIV-1-encoded protein, during HIV-1 infection and its contribution to the development of AIDS remain unclear. Previous reports have shown that Vpr has the ability to cause G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HIV-1-infected cells in vitro. In addition, vpr is highly conserved in transmitted/founder HIV-1s and in all primate lentiviruses, which are ...
*Correspondence: H. Peter Linder, Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland e-mail: [email protected] Sub-Saharan Africa includes some 45,000 plant species. The spatial patterns of this diversity have been well explored. We can group the species into a set of biogeographical regions (largely co-incident with regions defined ...
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