Jack S. Shanewise, MD Proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) should be part of every transesophageal echocardiography evaluation of mitral regurgitation (MR) (1). Although most of us think of formulae and calculations when we hear the term PISA, it is most useful as a qualitative indicator of the presence and severity of MR. Just as we use color flow Doppler (CFD) to see the regurgitant jet i...

Designing and manufacturing the multiple jets simulator and experimental investigation of the multiple jets in crossflow at low velocity ratios have been studied Together with design and build a low-speed wind tunnel. A specific rake is used to determine the flow field pressure and changes in static pressure measured by pressure taps in the near field of the jets. There are generally three regi...

Designing and manufacturing the multiple jets simulator and experimental investigation of the multiple jets in crossflow at low velocity ratios have been studied Together with design and build a low-speed wind tunnel. A specific rake is used to determine the flow field pressure and changes in static pressure measured by pressure taps in the near field of the jets. There are generally three regi...

Abstract Objectives This study was designed to evaluate echocardiographic findings in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) cognitive impairment and compare it the control group. Methods Sixty-seven OSA 52 group of healthy controls were evaluated prospectively by Mini-Mental State Examination questionnaire trans-thoracic echocardiography. Results The diastolic dysfunction 19.6% ( P = .002...

in this study, the effect of suction and the parameters such as suction amplitude, suction coefficient and suction jet length on naca0012 was evaluated. the turbulence employed model was the rsm model. suction jet is located in 10% of the chord length. the range of suction jet entrance velocity was selected from 0.1 to 0.5 of freestream velocity. the maximum increase in lift to drag ratio was s...

Users and manufacturers of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) systems have, potentially, an unrivalled asset. Phase contrast mapping of velocities through planes transecting the great arteries should provide the most accurate measurements available of cardiac output, shunt flow, aortic or pulmonary regurgitation and, indirectly, of mitral regurgitation. But the reality is that phase contra...

BACKGROUND Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography are standard methods to assess the severity of pulmonic insufficiency (PI). However, methods to define severity of PI - including the current published guidelines - remain qualitative and unvalidated. METHODS We reviewed all the electronic reports of echocardiographic studies performed at our institution since the publication of the 2003...

A 33-year-old man noted increasing dyspnea over a period of 6 weeks. Initial evaluation with transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated severe right ventricular dilation and systolic contractile dysfunction along with moderately severe tricuspid valve regurgitation on color Doppler with an estimated right ventricular systolic pressure of 108 mm Hg based on continuous wave Doppler assessment of...

BACKGROUND quantification of mitral regurgitation severity with 2-dimensional (2D) imaging techniques remains challenging. The present study compared the accuracy of 2D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and 3-dimensional (3D) TEE for quantification of mitral regurgitation, using MRI as the reference method. METHODS AND RESULTS two-dimensional and 3D TEE and cardiac MRI were performed in ...

OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to characterize left ventricular diastolic function in the sickle cell disease (SCD) population and to relate echocardiographic measures of dysfunction with pulmonary hypertension and mortality. BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension has been identified as a predictor of death in the adult SCD population. Although diastolic dysfunction is also observed in this...