: The usual experimental set-up for measuring the wave function phase shift of electrons tunneling through a quantum dot (QD) embedded in a ring (i.e., the transmittance phase) is the so-called 'open' interferometer as first proposed by Schuster et al. in 1997, in which the electrons back-scattered at source and the drain contacts are absorbed by additional leads in order to exclude multiple in...

We present an in-depth analysis of the sources variance in state-of-the-art unbiased volumetric transmittance estimators, and propose several new methods for improving their efficiency. These combine to produce a single estimator that is universally optimal relative prior work, with up orders magnitude lower at same cost, has zero any ray non-varying extinction. first reduce truncated power-ser...

Fiber-free non-contact near-infrared (NIR) imaging devices using wide-field detectors are emerging apart from the contact and fiber-based NIR devices. Unlike the fiber-based devices that can image deep tissues, the fiber-free noncontact devices have been used only for subsurface imaging (≤1 cm) to date. A new compact (7 × 8 × 12 cm3) handheld Near-Infrared. Optical Scanner (NIROS) has been deve...

This work accounts for an investigation about the diurnal variation of total spectral transmittance of solar irradiance under dominant wind conditions as case studies. Such a work is carried out in Athens for the first time. The spectral transmittance values estimated were derived using Ž . ground-based spectral measurements of beam irradiance in the range 310–575 nm UV and VIS . The data were ...

This paper deals with the thermal transmittance measurement focused on buildings and specifically in building energy retrofitting. Today, if many thermal transmittance measurements in a short time are needed, the current devices, based on the measurement of the heat flow through the wall, cannot carry out them, except if a great amount of devices are used at once along with intensive and tediou...

Stress-induced failure is a critical concern that influences the mechanical reliability of an indium tin oxide (ITO) film deposited on a transparently flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. In this study, a cycling bending mechanism was proposed and used to experimentally investigate the influences of compressive and tensile stresses on the mechanical stability of an ITO film depo...