A setup for an all-XUV transient absorption spectroscopy at free-electron lasers, was developed and employed to explore XUV-excited dynamics XUV-driven nonlinear phenomena.

detection & classification of power quality (pq) disturbances are the most important problems in distribution systems. in this paper, a new approach for the detection and classification of single and combined pq disturbances is proposed which utilizes fuzzy logic and particle swarm optimization (pso) algorithms. in this approach, first suitable features of the waveform of pq disturbances ar...