This paper surveys recent developments in the literature on trade facilitation, defined broadly as reform of non-tariff barriers. The paper looks at what trade facilitation is, why it matters, how to measure it, the gains from reform, and ways to implement it at the global, regional and unilateral level. JEL Classification: F13, F15.

The present paper integrates neoclassical offer curves and production theory, introducing utility maximization and trade levels into the comparative static factor proportions model. The paper analyzes production conditions that determine the Metzler paradox that a tariff could lower the tariff inclusive import price. The model provides a more complete link between neoclassical and factor propor...

In economic theory, various determinants are considered to explore their effects on trade patterns. Accordingly, business cycles indicate turbulences in economic activities. Business cycles and their fluctuations cause a change in demand for goods and services from the other country then it can affect trade flows. In this study, by using a gravity model, we study the effects of business cycles ...

extension of trade liberalization in countries is cause to increasing amount of goods in different sectors. exploit of global trade by increasing competitive power was regarded by researchers and policymakers in different countries. whereas abundance of production factor is one of the agent that makes advantage and qualitative land and labor force are two abundance production factors in agricul...

The general acceleration of trade globalisation over the last decade –or a growing interdependence of economies via trade, production and financial market linkages– has engendered several macroeconomic implications for the euro area. This paper focuses on assessing the key impacts on the euro area macroeconomy through an analysis of prospective channels, stylised facts and review of relevant em...

This paper assesses the long-run bilateral trade relations between the US and Mexico. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) had no additional impacts on import functions. Gradual switching existed even before the agreement became effective. © 2002 Society for Policy Modeling. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: F13; C22

Current research on antidumping suggests a number of channels through which antidumping affects the volume of world trade. This paper uses a structural approach to the gravity model framework to evaluate these hypotheses using data on trade volume over the period 1960-2001. We conclude that the volume and welfare effects have been negative, but quite modest. JEL classification: C230; F14; F15

the main purpose of this paper is to present methods and recent development in the literature of intra industry trade (iit) measuring. the case study also is carried out for iranian manufacturing industries during time period 1997-2003. for this, iran's foreign trade data was collected, processed, and then used to estimate iit indices with respect to recent literature developments in iit m...

in this paper, the effect of trade openness on growth is examined across the members of organization of the islamic conference (oic) by using convergence-growth equation and gmm-system dynamic panel data estimator over the period 1980-2009. the results show that the overall trade, the trade with non-oic countries, and the investment in physical and human capital stimulate economic growth. in co...

Early COVID-19 presence and related deaths in Turkish cities can be explained by their international trade volume. Trade with China has a higher impact on the pandemic against total of cities. The ordering between imports, exports varies depending stage pandemic. As were sealed off many countries, continuing country increasing case numbers. Key Words: COVID-19, City-level Data Analysis, Interna...