نتایج جستجو برای: toxicokinetics

تعداد نتایج: 734  

Journal: :Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 2015
Matthew O Gribble Venkata Saroja Voruganti Shelley A Cole Karin Haack Poojitha Balakrishnan Sandra L Laston Maria Tellez-Plaza Kevin A Francesconi Walter Goessler Jason G Umans Duncan C Thomas Frank Gilliland Kari E North Nora Franceschini Ana Navas-Acien

Arsenic toxicokinetics are important for disease risks in exposed populations, but genetic determinants are not fully understood. We examined urine arsenic species patterns measured by HPLC-ICPMS among 2189 Strong Heart Study participants 18 years of age and older with data on ~400 genome-wide microsatellite markers spaced ~10 cM and arsenic speciation (683 participants from Arizona, 684 from O...

Journal: :International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health 2010
Radosław Swiercz Wojciech Wąsowicz Wanda Majcherek

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to evaluate the toxicokinetics of 2-methylnaphtalene (2-MN) during and after inhalation exposure. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were exposed to 2-MN vapours at nominal concentrations of 200 or 400 mg/m3 in the dynamic inhalation chamber for 6 hours or 5 days (6 h/day). Blood samples were collected during and after exposure. Blood concentrations of 2...

Journal: :Toxicology and applied pharmacology 1996
J Järnberg G Johanson A Löf

The objective of this study was to determine the uptake and disposition of inhaled trimethylbenzenes (TMBs) in man. The toxicokinetics were studied in 10 male, healthy volunteers exposed to TMB vapor in an exposure chamber for 2 hr during a work load of 50 W. The subjects were exposed on four occasions to 25 ppm of 1,2,4-TMB, 1,2,3-TMB, and 1,3,5-TMB, and to 2 ppm of 1,2,4-TMB. The TMB isomers ...

2015
Philippe Guerre Paola Battilani

Fusariotoxins are mycotoxins produced by different species of the genus Fusarium whose occurrence and toxicity vary considerably. Despite the fact avian species are highly exposed to fusariotoxins, the avian species are considered as resistant to their toxic effects, partly because of low absorption and rapid elimination, thereby reducing the risk of persistence of residues in tissues destined ...

Journal: :Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 2007
Khaled Abass Petri Reponen Miia Turpeinen Jorma Jalonen Olavi Pelkonen

Diuron, a widely used herbicide and antifouling biocide, has been shown to persist in the environment and contaminate drinking water. It has been characterized as a "known/likely" human carcinogen. Whereas its environmental transformation and toxicity have been extensively examined, its metabolic characteristics in mammalian livers have not been reported. This study was designed to investigate ...

Journal: :Ecotoxicology 2012
Wei-Yu Chen Chung-Min Liao Yun-Ru Ju Sher Singh Li-John Jou Bo-Ching Chen Jeng-Wei Tsai

It has been proposed that irreversible responses of organisms exposed to contaminants are due to a systems-level feedback. Here we tested this hypothesis by reanalyzing the published data on toxicokinetics and survival probability based on a systems-level threshold damage model (TDM) incorporating with a positive damage feedback to explore the steady-state response and dynamic behavior of damag...

Journal: :Environment international 2003
Heldur Hakk Robert J Letcher

Several classes of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), namely polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCCD), bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), and tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (Tris), have been identified as environmental contaminants. PBDEs, TBBPA, and HBCCD are of particular concern due to inc...

2018
Panteleimon D Mavroudis Helen E Hermes Donato Teutonico Thomas G Preuss Sebastian Schneckener

The environmental fates of pharmaceuticals and the effects of crop protection products on non-target species are subjects that are undergoing intense review. Since measuring the concentrations and effects of xenobiotics on all affected species under all conceivable scenarios is not feasible, standard laboratory animals such as rabbits are tested, and the observed adverse effects are translated ...

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