6 Joscha Schmitz, Matthias Gruhn, Ansgar Büschges* 7 8 9 1 these authors contributed equally to the work 10 *corresponding author 11 Department of Animal Physiology 12 Biocenter, University of Cologne 13 Zülpicher Str. 47b 14 D-50674 Köln 15 [email protected] 16 17 keywords: 18 sensory control, campaniform sensilla, load sensing, locomotion, species comparison 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29...

Obstacle avoidance is one of the skills required in coping with challenging situations encountered during walking. This study examined adaptation gait stability and its interlimb transfer a virtual obstacle task. Twelve young adults walked on treadmill while wearing reality headset their body state represented environment. At random times, but always at foot touchdown, 50 obstacles constant siz...

The aim of this study was to introduce a Newton-Euler inverse dynamics model that included reaction force and moment estimation at the lumbo-sacral (L5-S1) and thoraco-lumbar (T12-L1) joints. Data were collected while participants ran over ground at 3.8 m x s(-1) at three different stride lengths: preferred stride length, 20% greater than preferred, and 20% less than preferred. Inputs to the mo...

[Purpose] Kinematic and kinetic characteristics of the limb during side-hopping and hip/knee interaction during this motion have not been clarified. The purposes of this study were to examine the biomechanical parameters of the knee during side hop and analyze its relationship with clinical measurements of hip function. [Subjects and Methods] Eleven male college rugby players were included. A t...

Much is known on how select sensory feedback contributes to the activation of different motoneuron pools in the locomotor control system of stick insects. However, even though activation of the stance phase muscles depressor trochanteris, retractor unguis, flexor tibiae and retractor coxae is correlated with the touchdown of the leg, the potential sensory basis of this correlation or its connec...

Parsimonious dynamical models for legged locomotion are piecewise–defined. The state flows in continuous–time according to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) until a touchdown or liftoff event occurs, triggering an instantaneous reset at a discrete time instant [5]. We’ve shown that models for periodic gaits with footfalls isolated in time (e.g. bipedal walk or run, quadrupedal walk or gal...

1 Motivation The compliant walking models are often used for reproducing characteristic gait dynamics [1]. However, since they require the touchdown angles to be chosen independently, there is a limited explanation for the foot placement selection in relation to the state of the body. In this study, it is hypothesized that the foot placement is indicated by progression of the center of pressure...

Introduction: Previous recent entries at Mars, like Pathfinder, Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) and Phoenix, were ballistic and therefore had smaller downrange distances between entry and touchdown compared to the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) guided entry. See Figure 1. Consequently “handcrafted” vertical profiles of the atmosphere at the landing site, tailored for the expected conditions on the...