At birth, all children are characterized by different values of body weight and body length, caused by both genetic factors and the conditions and characteristics of their prenatal development. It is important to investigate whether these differences expressed at birth, particularly those values that are below average, can be improved by implementing a six-month period of kinesiological activit...

root morphological and distribution responses of signal grass (brachiaria decumbens) to long-term cattle grazing were examined in a tropical pasture in malaysia. the treatments were no grazing by cattle and grazing at a moderate stocking density (2.7 animal unit/ha) under rotational grazing for 33 years. the method consists of taking soil core using a soil corer to a depth of 30 cm and extracti...

In the commercial production of roses, introducing a method to reduce the time of propagation with maximum success is crucial. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations (0, 1500, 3000, 4500 mg/L) of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on propagation of three cultivars of Rosa hybrid L. ('Dolce Vita', 'Samurai' and 'Utopia') by stenting (simultaneous cutting and graf...

Objective: Drought stress is most important factor which reduce root and shoot growth in crops. This study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of drought stress and Zn fertilizer on root traits of four cultivars of chickpea. Methods: Experiment was laid out in a split plot-factorial using randomized complete block design with three replications. Drought stress treatment stand in main...

organic compost can reduce various plant stresses, because of its porous structure, high water storage capacity, and existence of some substances resembling hormones and plant growth regulators. this study was performed to investigate interactions of different levels of vermicompost extract and salinity stress on morphological characteristics of bean seedlings. the experiment was conducted in c...

A recent review of published studies revealed that predators generally have lower population densities than non-predators in a variety of communities. We report here similar results for a highly replicated study of macroinvertebrates that colonized very uniform detrital microcosms in an old field. This pattern persisted even though predators usually were smaller than non-predators, as determine...

introduction: the aim of this study was to compare digital and conventional radiography in determining the working length of dilacerated canals.methods: thirty nine human extracted single-rooted teeth with root curvature more than 35 degrees were included in this study. after access preparation, a file was inserted into the canal and advanced until the file tip was visualized at the foramen. wi...

BACKGROUND We have limited understanding of root foraging responses when plants were simultaneously exposed to nutrient heterogeneity and competition, and our goal was to determine whether and how plants integrate information about nutrients and neighbors in root foraging processes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The experiment was conducted in split-containers, wherein half of the roots of s...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies on the effects of sub- and/or supraoptimal temperatures on growth and phosphorus (P) nutrition of perennial herbaceous species at growth-limiting P availability are few, and the impacts of temperature on rhizosphere carboxylate dynamics are not known for any species. METHODS The effect of three day/night temperature regimes (low, 20/13 °C; medium, 27/20 °C; and hig...

Different methods have been proposed for in situ root-length density (RLD) measurement. One widely employed is the time-consuming sampling of soil cores or monoliths (MO). The profile wall (PW) method a less precise, but faster and laborious alternative. However, depth-differentiated functions to convert PW RLD estimates MO measurements not yet reported. In this study, we perform regression ana...