Purpose: This paper presents an efficient and reliable swarm intelligence-based approach, namely particle swarm optimization [PSO] technique, to optimize the hardness and the parameters that affect the hardness in the Ni-Diamond composite coatings. Design/methodology/approach: Particle swarm optimizers are inherently distributed algorithms, in which the solution for a problem emerges from the i...

Aqueous plant leaves extract (PLE) of an abundant shrub, Sorbaria sorbifolia, was explored for the reduction of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), to trivalent chromium, Cr(III). The effect of contact time, pH, PLE quantity, ionic strength, hardness, temperature and effective initial Cr(VI) ion concentration were tested; Cr(VI) reduction followed the pseudo-first order rate kinetics and maximum reduc...

study of the ground water quality in hodeidah is an essential ingredient for a healthypopulation. in this research, study of drinking water samples for eight water sources wells in thequti field has been achieved. the purpose was to a certain the quality of water from thesesources, the physical properties such as ph, electrical conductivity (ec) and total dissolvedsolids (tds), showed the varia...

The effects of different pH conditions on enamel erosion repair by nano fluorapatite (n-FA) pastes were evaluated in this study. Eighteen human dental enamel blocks with artificially-induced erosion were randomly divided into three groups that were coated with n-FA pastes with 3 different pH values (pH < 1, pH = 4.5 and pH = 7.5, respectively) for 15 minutes. SEM, XRD, XPS, Vickers microhardnes...

In this study, the cationic lignin-based flocculant was prepared and used with polyferric chloride (PFC) to treat disperse and reactive dyes wastewater. The effects of dosage, initial pH, hardness and ionic strength on the interactions and floc properties were studied. Results showed that hydroxyl and quaternary ammonium groups of LBF could combine with -NHand sulfo groups of dyes. Large flocs ...

The biosorption of cadmium(II) and zinc(II) ions onto dried Fontinalis antipyretica, a widely spread aquatic moss, was studied under different values of temperature, initial pH and water hardness. The equilibrium was well described by Langmuir adsorption isotherms. Maximum biosorption capacity of cadmium was independent on temperature and averaged 28.0 mg g(-1) moss, whereas for zinc, capacity ...

A study was conducted to assess the present status of ground water in Pali town. The city is known as an industrial hub especially for textile industry. Ten sampling locations were selected at random and samples from tube wells around For this purpose, these analysed major physical chemical quality parameters such pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), Alkalinity, Total...