agrobacterium rhizogenes (pri), a causative agent of hairy root disease, effectively induces hairy root formation in a variety of plant species. in our study four bacterial strains ar15834, a4, 9435 and c318 and three explants types leaf, stems and roots, were examined. hairy roots were induced from roots, stems and leaf explants. the highest transformation efficiency of 77% was achieved by usi...

Modeling landscape with high-resolution digital elevation data (DEM) in a geographic information system can provide essential morphological and structural information for modeling surface processes such as geomorphologic process and water systems. This paper introduces several DEM-based spatial analysis processes applied to characterize spatial distribution and interactions of ground and surfac...

The bilateral organization of the vertebrate nervous system is underlain, ontogenically as well as topologically, by the notochord. Derived from mid-dorsal mesoderm, the notochord is a compression-resisting rod that plays a supporting role as the axial skeleton in larval or embryonic vertebrates and later as a template for the basicranium and vertebrae. Earlier in development, the notochord pla...

Stacks of global seismic data reveal the time and distance dependence of high-frequency (1-hertz) precursors to the seismic phase PKKP. Synthetic seismogram modeling shows that scattering from random small-scale topography at the PKKP core-mantle–boundary reflection point generates precursory arrivals similar to those seen in the data. Models with a root mean square core-mantle–boundary topogra...

PARALLEL-HIERARCHICAL NETWORK LEARNING METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO PATTERN RECOGNITION L. I. Timchenko, a† V. V. Melnikov, a‡ and N. I. Kokryatskaya b UDC 658.012:681.32:621.38 Abstract. This paper considers provisions necessary for developing parallel-hierarchical network learning methods underlain by the idea of population coding in an artificial neural network and its approximation to n...

Stable isotope analysis has been used successfully to distinguish between several different ice types in an ice tongue floating on sea water in Antarctica. At one critical location this technique has provided the only means of discriminating unambiguously between glacial ice and fresh-water ice formed from desalinated sea water. This part of the ice tongue is now underlain by a layer of desalte...

Abstract. Permeable sedimentary bedrock overlain by glacial till leads to large storage capacities and complex subsurface flow pathways in the Canadian Rocky Mountain region. While some inferences on release of water can be drawn from conceptualizations runoff generation (e.g., thresholds hydrologic connectivity) physically similar watersheds, relatively little research has been conducted snow-...

The influence of land-use mosaic among sub-watersheds on coastal processes apply globally to any coastal regions hugged by wetlands and underlain with limestone deposits. The existence of a subterranean flow connecting a tropical backwater to the Arabian Sea through the submerged porous lime shell is indicated from the coastal nutrient distribution. The present investigation represented a nonmu...

The assessment of circulating neurotransmitters: noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, platelet serotonin, plasma serotonin and plasma tryptophan before and after many types of stressor agents and neuropharmacological drugs carried out over the last thirty years allowed us to accumulate information dealing with the central nervous system (CNS) versus the peripheral autonomic nervous system (ANS)...

Central obesity is a key feature of the metabolic syndrome (metS), a multiplex risk factor for subsequent development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Many metabolic alterations closely related to this condition exert effects on platelets and vascular cells. A procoagulant and hypofibrinolytic state has been identified, mainly underlain by inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipida...