Vitiligo is a common idiopathic acquired cutaneous pigmentary disorder resulting in depigmented skin. A wide variety of therapeutic modalities have been employed for its treatment, but none of them are satisfactory, in this study we have tested the effect of 5- fluorouracil 5FU on 54 patients with documented vitiligo in Kerman city. The following treatments were performed on three selected v...

OBJECTIVE To use a non-invasive measurement of oxygen saturation in chronic leg ulcers after the application of a topical haemoglobin spray to investigate if photoacoustic tomography is able to measure the oxygen saturation and if the stimulated oxygen increase can be demonstrated. METHOD We measured the oxygen saturation of the ulcer tissue in five patients with chronic leg ulcers before app...

Corneal tissue absorption and intraocular penetration of fusidic acid were assessed in the rabbit after topical or subconjunctival application. Corneal tissue levels of fusidic acid one hour after the last topical application of the drug were well above the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for most Gram-positive and many Gram-negative organisms. Adequate levels were achieved in the aque...

Hypersensitivity to ribitol teichoic acid (RTA), the major antigenic determinant of Staphylococcus aureus, may be important in a rabbit model of corneal phlyctenules and catarrhal infiltrates. Over a 5-month period, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA antibody levels to RTA in sera, tears, and corneas from rabbits immunized using the following ...

Routine surveillance on resistant status of field mosquito populations is important to implement suitable strategies in order to prevent pest outbreaks. WHO test kit bioassay is the most frequent bioassay used to investigate the susceptibility status of field–collected mosquitoes, as it is relatively convenient to be carried out in the field. In contrast, the topical application of active ingre...

The topical application of strychnine, d-tubocurarine, pentylenetetrazole, picrotoxin, and physostigmine evoked different patterns of electrical activity in a portion of the acutely isolated suprasylvian gyrus of dogs. Pentylenetetrazole and picrotoxin evoked a similar pattern of activity in the isolated gyrus by both topical application and intravenous administration. Reasonable systemic doses...

Topical application of caffeine sodium benzoate (caffeine-SB) immediately after UVB irradiation of SKH-1 mice enhanced UVB-induced apoptosis by a 2- to 3-fold greater extent than occurred after the topical application of an equimolar amount of caffeine. Although topical application of caffeine-SB or caffeine enhanced UVB-induced apoptosis, both substances were inactive on non-UVB-treated normal...

Timolol iontophoresis into the eye can induce herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) shedding in rabbits latently infected with HSV-1 strain McKrae. Anodal iontophoresis of 0.01% timolol was done at 0.8 mAmp for 8 min once a day for 3 consecutive days. Viral shedding was determined by the presence of HSV-1 in the preocular tear film obtained by eye swabs. In two experiments, iontophoresis of 0.01%...

Tinea corporis is a superficial dermatophyte infection. This is a case report of a 45-year-old female presenting with a history of erythematous raised lesions with itching all over the body since one year ago. Based on clinical findings, the lesions were diagnosed as tinea corporis. A KOH smear was carried out and results were negative probably due to application of steroids, and a histopatholo...

Intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) has been identified to be effective in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but the effect of topical application is still unclear. Therefore, the authors conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effect of topical TXA in TKA. Twelve trials with a total of 1179 knees were included. The results revealed that the application of topical TXA in TKA significantly reduced to...