We have developed an efficient and accurate formalism which allows the simulation at the ab initio level of inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy data under a scanning tunneling microscope setup. It exploits fully the tunneling regime by carrying out the structural optimization and vibrational mode calculations for surface and tip independently. The most relevant interactions in the inelast...

Metal nanostructures support plasmon oscillations on their surfaces, which normally decay very quickly. Nevertheless, the lifetime of these can be extended near a longer particle, e.g., molecule. We utilize this phenomenon for ultrahigh (single-molecule) resolution ultrafast apertureless (scattering) applications. demonstrate with numerical solutions 3D Maxwell equations. use nm-sized quantum e...

Hyphal tip growth in fungi is important because of the economic and medical importance of fungi, and because it may be a useful model for polarized growth in other organisms. We have investigated the central questions of the roles of cytoskeletal elements and of the precise sites of exocytosis and endocytosis at the growing hyphal tip by using the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Time-lapse i...

The goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the lesser trochanter for entry of lag screw placement in the fixation of hip fractures. Radiographs of the pelvis with both hips in 50 Chinese patients were analyzed to determine the accuracy of using the lesser trochanter as a reference landmark for inserting lag screws. The femoral neck was divided into 4 parts, and the second distal par...

Total-energy pseudopotential calculations are used to study the imaging process in non-contact atomic force microscopy on Si(l 1 l) surfaces. The atomic resolution seen in the experiments is attributed to the onset of covalent bonding between a Iocalised dangling bond on the atom at the apex of the tip and the dangling bonds on the adatoms in the surface. This interaction dominates the force gr...

We demonstrate unambiguously that the field enhancement near the apex of a laser-illuminated silicon tip decays according to a power law that is moderated by a single parameter characterizing the tip sharpness. Oscillating the probe in intermittent contact with a semiconductor nanocrystal strongly modulates the fluorescence excitation rate, providing robust optical contrast and enabling excelle...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate temperature profiles developing in the root during warm compaction of gutta-percha with the heat sources System B and System MB Obtura (Analityc Technology, Redmond, WA, USA). Thirty extracted human incisor teeth were used. Root canals were cleaned and shaped by means of Protaper rotary files (Dentsply-Maillefer, Belgium), and imaging was performed by micro-CT (Skyscan 10...

The electrostatic potential resulting from a metallic probe tip near a semiconductor is examined. A solution is formulated assuming circular symmetry and using prolate spheroidal coordinates in the vacuum and Cartesian coordinates in the semiconductor. The result is most directly applied to the case of a hyperbolic probe tip, but other shapes (for example, a small hemispherical protrusion on th...