Leg problems and resulting mortality can exceed 1% per week in turkey toms starting at approximately 15 wk of age. Dietary supplementation of organic trace minerals (MIN) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (HyD) may improve performance, decrease incidence of leg abnormalities, and increase bone strength. Nicholas 85X700 toms were assigned to 4 treatments consisting of a factorial arrangement of 2 co...

The commonly used extensive approaches to the distal tibia include the posteromedial and anterolateral approaches. The current report describes several cases performed using this technique establishing a rationale and safe zone for performing a transfibular approach to the distal tibia. The advantages of such approach are the excellent visualization of the lateral tibia and the articular space....

a 48-year-old man referred with pain and swelling at the upper and middle third of left tibia with a history of previous os­seous hydatid disease three years ago. despite surgical procedure which was performed in this case, recurrence was ob­served and repeated exploration with wide resection and oral medical therapy were recommended. bone hydatid cyst is an uncommon disease with difficult resp...

OBJECTIVE Intramedullary nailing of nonarticular proximal tibia fractures can be affected by bone density resulting in loss of stability, fixation, and malalignment in osteopenic bone. This study was designed to quantify the biomechanical effects of augmenting proximal screws with cement in intramedullary nailing of high proximal third tibial fractures. DESIGN In vitro biomechanical study usi...

BACKGROUND Currently, antegrade intramedullary nailing and minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) represent the main surgical alternatives in distal tibial fractures. However, neither choice is optimal for all bony and soft tissue injuries. The Retrograde Tibial Nail (RTN) is a small-caliber prototype implant, which is introduced through a 2-cm-long incision at the tip of the medial mal...

Introduction: Intramedullary nailing (IMN) of high tibia fracture has some mechanical and biological advantages over the other form of fixation. However, valgus, apex anterior malalignment and anterior displacement of proximal fragment commonly occur after isolated IMN fixation of proximal high tibia fracture. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of using 3.5-mm locking c...

Background: Distal tibia fractures are among the most common bony injuries, with a significant rate of nonunion anddelayed union. There are multiple methods for the management of distal tibia fractures. Among the plating methods,there are bridge plating and compression plating techniques. There is still a lack of evidence about whether one methodhas a higher rate of union than...

Acute scrotal swelling is an urgent urologic condition, and its failure in diagnosis is "one of the litigious issues in urologic practice. "1-2 Although acute scrotal pain is due to spermatic cord torsion in 25-35% of cases, the urologist should either rule it out or treat it immediately. 2 We operated a case of acute scrotal edema in a two-day-old boy who had, according to clinical results...

in this paper firt of all we introduce a generalization of torsion freeness of acts over monoids, called -torsion freeness. then in section 1 of results we give some general properties and in sections 2, 3 and 4 we give a characterization of monoids for which this property of their right rees factor, cyclic and acts in general  implies some other properties, respectively.