Detecting the antineutrinos emitted by the decay of radioactive elements in the mantle and crust could provide a direct measurement of the total abundance of uranium and thorium in the Earth. In calculating the antineutrino flux at specific sites, the local geology of the crust and the background from the world’s nuclear power reactors are important considerations. Employing a global crustal ma...

Finely divided thorium and carbon were injected into the rat lung via the trachea and their uptake was studied electron microscopically. Small amounts of thorium were found in the lamellar vacuoles of the granular pneumocytes. Their presence was maximal at 24 hours and they later disappeared from these cells. This phenomenon is thought to represent a passive inflow as the vacuoles open on to th...

Thorium is an element for possible use as nuclear fuel, because of the fertile property of Th-232, which could convert into U-233 after neutron capture and beta decays. However, thorium based fuels have not been successfully implemented, because of the high cost and the higher complexity compared with once-through uranium fuel. Therefore, the focus of this thesis is on thorium for use in tradit...

Neutronics calculations have been performed of the MYRRHA ADS Reactor with a thorium-based fuel mixture, using simulation programs MCNPX (Waters, 2002) and Geant4 (Agostinelli, 2003). Thorium is often considered for systems, this first evaluation possibilities thorium based fuels reactor design which has developed in detail. It also extends application widely-used program to geometry thorium. A...