Henry Cockburn who claimed in 1856 that in the 1790s the Whigs in Edinburgh were few and embattled, fighting for their views and careers against the dominant Tories who exploited the fears aroused in Britain by the execution of Louis XIV and the Terror. Cockburn identified John Allen and John Thomson, of the medical profession, as active and fearless in the Whig cause. Though much has been writ...

The Thomson scattering in an ultraintense ( approximately 10(18) W cm(-2)) and ultrashort (20 fs) laser field is calculated that demonstrates different characteristics from those of the low-intensity field case. The electron trajectory no longer conforms to a figure-eight pattern, and the spectra demonstrate complex shifting and broadening to suggest that Thomson scattering can be used for char...

Using the energy-momentum complexes of Einstein, Bergmann-Thomson, LandauLifshitz (LL), Møller and Papapetrou we have tried to solve energy-momentum and colliding plane wave problems for Bertotti-Robinson (BR) space-time (it has been also a subject of an extensive study in the context of the so-called colliding plane wave problem in General relativity) in General Relativity (GR). Moreover Einst...