Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency causing Wernicke encephalopathy occurs most frequently in people with compromised absorption (e.g., malnutrition, hyperemesis), increased metabolism (e.g., sepsis, malignancy) or increased carbohydrate intake (e.g., administration of intravenous dextrose). Guidelines from the European Federation of Neurological Societies suggest that Wernicke enceph alopathy is ...

Oral administration of lipid-soluble allithiamines [thiamine propyl disulfide (TPD) and thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTHF)] rapidly increased thiamine activity in whole blood, red blood cells, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine in normal and thiamine-deficient subjects. These thiamine congeners also restored red blood cell transketolase to normal in alcoholics with thiamine deficiency. Su...

In the disturbed Baltic Sea ecosystem, several animal species display failing health related to exposure toxic compounds, reduced energy metabolism and immune system disorders. order investigate possible associations between fish chemicals affecting defence, levels of algal toxins (bromophenols, hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers nodularin), perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) thiam...

The human thiamine transporter hTHTR1 is involved in the cellular accumulation of thiamine (vitamin B1) in many tissues. Thiamine deficiency disorders, such as thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA), which is associated with specific mutations within hTHTR1, likely impairs the functionality and/or intracellular targeting of hTHTR1. Unfortunately, nothing is known about the mechanisms t...

Background: Traditionally, vitamin B₁ status is assessed by a functional test measuring erythrocyte transketolase (ETK) activity or direct measurement of erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate (eThDP) concentration. However, such analyses are logistically challenging, and do not allow assessment of vitamin B₁ status in plasma/serum samples stored in biobanks. Using a multiplex assay, we evaluated pla...

River lampreys (Lampetra fluviatilis) were caught in the fall 2014 on entering Perhonjoki for spawning and kept at a hatchery until late spring 2015 to produce larvae compensatory stockings. Since died massively from early February onwards, they investigated March May clarify cause of deaths. The symptoms resembled those lipid-related thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency salmonines, called M74 synd...