Lock-in thermography is a popular thermal non-destructive testing (TNDT) technique which like other active thermographic techniques, requires an external heating stimulus, preferably on a blackened surface. It is not however, immune to non-ideal situations like non-uniform heating and surface emissivity variation. The phase image, to some extent, helps to reduce the effect of these artifacts, b...

A nanosecond-time-resolution pyrometer has been developed for measuring the transient surface temperature of a solid material heated by pulsed excimer-laser irradiation. Fast germanium diodes are employed to capture the transient thermal emission signals in the wavelength range between 1.2 and 1.6 lm. The surface temperature is derived from the measured spectral thermal emission. The directiona...

Active thermography is a relatively new NDE technique, in which either a pulse or sinusoidal thermal stimulus forms the basis for conventional Pulsed (PT) and Pulsed Phase (PPT), and Lock-in (LT) Thermography respectively. Recently a new approach to active thermography was proposed in which the thermal stimulus is frequency modulated. In Frequency Modulated Thermal Wave Imaging (FMTWI), a speci...

The thermal and optical properties of multilayered dental tissue structure, the result of the surface-grown prismless layer on enamel, were evaluated simultaneously using multiparameter fits of photothermal radiometry frequency responses. The photothermal field generated in a tooth sample with near-infrared laser excitation was described using a coupled diffuse-photon-density and thermal wave m...

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The FOMO code was developed to calculate the EUV and UV emission from optically thin coronal plasmas. The input data for FOMO consists of the plasma density, temperature and velocity on a 3D grid. This is translated to emissivity on the 3D grid, using CHIANTI data. Then, the emissivity is integrated along the line-of-sight (LOS) to calculate the emergent spectral line for synthetic spectrometer...

Neutrino emissivity from the electron νν̄ bremsstrahlung in the liquid layers of the neutron star crusts is studied. Nuclear composition of matter in neutron star crusts is considered for various scenarios of neutron star evolution. For the deep layers of the crust, the compositions of cold catalyzed matter, accreted matter and hot matter (T >∼ 5 × 10 9 K) are shown to be very different, and thi...

In support for the ISO Mission it has been necessary to establish a set of asteroids as photometric standards for the photometric calibration of the instruments (M uller & Lagerros 1998). The new standards are described as rotating ellipsoids. Illumination geometry, heat transfer due to non-zero thermal inertia and surface structure/porosity are taken into account. The characteristic properties...

The sensitivity of the Martian atmospheric circulation to a number of poorly known or strongly varying parameters (surface roughness length, atmospheric optical depth, CO• ice albedo, and thermal emissivity) is investigated through experiments performed with the Martian version of the atmospheric general circulation model of Laboratoire de M•t•orologie Dynamique, with a rather coarse horizontal...