introduction: for some time now the field of medical education has been criticized by many of its stakeholders. countless debates have been presented in the literature regarding the quality of medical education research, adequacy of methodological rigor, and other concerns. methods: at present, the views expressed have largely come from physicians and individuals with less familiarity with educ...

Beginning computer science students often have great difficulty with the analysis and design of solutions to programming related problems. Using the Shuttle Puzzle problem as a vehicle the process of analyzing a problem and synthesizing observations into an algorithm is presented in a detailed, step-by-step manner. Introduction When I was child and went to visit my grandparents, I would often e...

‘Then’ as one of conjunctions, has many usages in Arabic language. Since one of its usages is in the religious texts and the Holy Quran so that its different usages effect on the style, meaning, and concepts, and also, due to the sensitivity and significance of the Holy Quran, understanding the exact meaning of this conjunction, i.e. ‘then’, and studying its various stat...

ferdowsi's shahname is a literary work with many and varied personalities which can be converted to dramatic texts, but it needs to analyze on basis theories of dramatic characterization. characterization of the protagonist of the play, as a key element of the show has a special component such as action and motivation to handle dramatic action, a physical and mental characteristic that dis...

Over the past three decades the protein folding field has undergone monumental changes. Originally a purely academic question, how a protein folds has now become vital in understanding diseases and our abilities to rationally manipulate cellular life by engineering protein folding pathways. We review and contrast past and recent developments in the protein folding field. Specifically, we discus...

In this document I describe how the standard way the socle operator is set up for a module, and a neater way is can be set up using the lattice of submodules. I indicate why this way is neater by showing how the construction can be iterated. I go through the various constructions first for the straight socle, and then for the socle relative to a given hereditary torsion theory.

Technological developments have altered pedagogies in classroom teaching but approaches to teacher professional development have remained largely unchanged. The purpose of this paper is to describe an evolving learning process that spans the last decade and draws from three different investigations into professional development. The author compares and contrasts the key findings from two indepe...