INTRODUCTION Adolescence is a time of developmental change. The major task of adolescence is to become an independent individual capable of functioning as a contributing adult within culturally expected norms. It is often accompanied by frustration and difficulties with adjustments. One typical response of adolescents to these changes is engaging in high-risk behaviors. The purpose of this stud...

the purpose of this research is to study the relationship between social and cultural traits of female students and their tendency toward emigration. the research method used in data collection and data analysis is social survey. the survey consists of 508 female students studying at m.a. and phd level in shiraz and ferdowsi university. the theoretical framework on which the study is based on i...