The review outlines the current issues of Pharmacovigilance System in the Russian Federation, namely present state of regulatory aspects of PV system in Russia, regulatory requirements in Russia and in Eurasian Economic Union, review of the causes of under-reporting of ADRs. Specific focus has been made on topical issues such as a harmonization of the requirements to the Pharmacovigilance Syste...

This paper compares the institutions and goals of the USSR, the EU, and the CIS to understand the differing origins and competing tendencies of these alternative models of transnational governance. It then projects those models through history to examine the current relationships of the former Soviet Republics to the EU and the United States. Understanding the historical sources and development...

The flavolignans silybin (1) and 2,3-dehydrosilybin (2) (Figure 1) were isolated from fruits of milk thistle [Silybum marianum (L). Gaertn.] cultivated in the Samara region (Russian Federation). 2,3-dehydrosilybin (2) for the first time in Russian Federation is described for the given plant. Silybin and 2,3-dehydrosilybin and also new preparation, a fluid extract of Silybum marianum fruits, hav...

The energy level displacements of the excited nl states of pionic hydrogen and the contribution of the ns → 1s transitions to the shift of the energy level of the ground state of pionic hydrogen, caused by strong low–energy interactions, are calculated within a quantum field theoretic, relativistic covariant and model–independent approach. E–mail: [email protected], Tel.: +43–1–58801–1426...

BACKGROUND To assess and quantify the magnitude of health inequalities ascribed to socioeconomic strata from 1994 to 2013 in the Russian Federation. METHODS A balanced sample of 1,496 adult individuals extracted from the 1994 wave of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) is followed for stated self-perceived health status until 2013. The socioeconomic strata (SES) index is constru...

The major factors of insecurity in the East, away from the security of geopolitical area were because of the formation of political management in the nineteenth century colonial style. The security factor in the vast region of the East that encompasses at least three countries of Iran and Afghanistan and Pakistan is very important and highly effective. It reached its peak colonial Anglo-Russian...

OBJECTIVES Reported cases of congenital syphilis in the Russian Federation increased 26-fold from 1991-9. Our objectives were to describe the frequency, risk factors, and consequences of delivering an infant with congenital syphilis among pregnant women with active syphilis. METHODS In a retrospective record review using consecutive sampling of logs at maternity hospitals in five geographic a...

Between 1991 and 2000, the number of drug addicts in the Russian Federation increased tenfold and the number of people abusing narcotic drugs increased by a factor of 6.4. According to the resulting indicator, the number increased by a factor of 7.7 as the population of the country fell by 2 per cent during that period. The prevalence of drug addiction among women is rapidly increasing. Between...