In this Comment, I examine Christoph Hanisch’s recent contribution to this journal. In commenting on Hanisch’s essay, I offer an interpretation of Amartya Sen’s notion of ‘commitment’ which makes committed choices both uncontroversial and quotidian. This interpretation contrasts with those which see some of Sen’s pronouncements on commitment to be obviously false, counterintuitive or psychologi...

Three persons were experimentally inoculated with malaria by means of Anopheles ludlowi reared from larvae and infected with a pure strain of subtertian plasmodium (Plasmodium falciparum), thus proving that there exists no mechanical impediment or obstacle to the free exit of sporozoites from the salivary ducts or proboscis. In the dissection of infected mosquitoes there were no evidences of de...

Center for Spatial Information Science (CSIS) has developed and run our own Clearinghouse[1] for various academic researchers to share spatial data since 1999. This paper presents activities of the academic Clearinghouse and the backgrounds of it.

The Iron Age was the time when people acquired iron processing technology and is generally thought to have begun after 1200 B.C. Some prehistoric artifacts made of meteorites are dated from Bronze Age. A nicely preserved meteoritic dagger found in tomb King Tutankhamen (1361–1352 B.C.) ancient Egypt. Yet, its manufacturing method origin remain unclear. Here, we report nondestructive two-dimensi...

The six extant aquatic families of Hydradephaga (Coleoptera) known so far represent a diverse group of beetles morphologically highly modified for life in the water. We report the discovery of a new genus with two species from South Africa and China, which differ greatly from all extant families, but resemble the Jurassic-Cretaceous dagger Liadytidae (the dagger symbol indicates that the taxa a...

Dagger compact closed categories were studied by Abramsky and Coecke (under the name “strongly compact closed categories”) as an abstract presentation of the category of Hilbert spaces and linear maps, and as a framework in which to carry out the interpretation of quantum protocols. I subsequently showed that dagger compact closed categories can also describe mixed quantum computation, where th...

In this paper, we research some properties of Codazzi pairs on almost para Norden manifolds. Let $(M_{2n},\ \varphi ,\ g,G)$ be an manifold. Firstly, $g$-conjugate connection, $G$-conjugate connection and $\varphi $-conjugate a linear $\mathrm{\nabla }$ $M_{2n}$ denoted by ${\mathrm{\nabla }}^{*\
 },\ {\mathrm{\nabla }}^{\dagger \ }}^{\varphi are defined it is demonstrated that the spaces ...