emerging of the industrial revolution caused the dominance of machine in man`s life. at the beginning, man was fascinated by machine; by its order, automation, and its efficiency. then he tried to adapt this mechanistic order to his life and create a completely ordered, clean and predictable environment. thus modern urbanism appeared. in comparison with dark, airless and contaminated industrial...

The stretched scope of urbanism, with its large range of inputs drawn from various disciplines, seems to create confusion about the nature and the form of an education in urbanism at university level. We verify the existence of several communities of practice who value practice and theory differently. Assessing the work of students becomes an arduous task, because different communities of pract...

The rapid growth of the built environment has been pointed out as one of the major challenges to sustainability in the US. Low density “sprawling” neighborhoods represent the most undesired form of urban growth both for the waste of land and energy they cause, as well as for the lack of a “sense of place” they promote among their inhabitants. Several critiques to such type of urbanization have ...

This article analyzes the contributions of the Hungarian engineer and architect Adalberto Szilard to the modernization of architecture and urbanism in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for the period of 30 years, from the 1920s to the 1950s. Szilard emigrated to Brazil in 1926 and settled down in Rio de Janeiro. His constant movement between the fields of architecture and urbanism, from archi...

like other developing countries, iranian cities are growing and expanding physically at a high speed. for about five decades, the only policy of the urban development plans in the field of urban growth management has been definition of the urban growth boundary (u.g.b.) which is still used without any major modifications.despite the slight evidences indicating the ineffectiveness of the current...