Abstract Let $${\mathfrak {X}}$$ X be a group class. A G is an opponent of if it not -group, but all its proper subgroups belong to . Of course, every cohopfian and the aim this paper describe smallest class containing admitting no such kind groups.

Hong Qian’s doctoral thesis discusses Moritz Schlick’s interpretation of the causality principle. This interpretation is based on Schlick’s understanding of quantum mechanics and on his conviction that quantum mechanics strongly supports an empiricist reading of causation in his sense. The present paper compares the empiricist position held by Schlick and Hong Qian with Bas van Fraassen’s more ...

We use Gödel's Dialectica interpretation to analyse Nash-Williams' elegant but non-constructive 'minimal bad sequence' proof of Higman's Lemma. The result is a concise constructive proof of the lemma (for arbitrary decidable well-quasi-orders) in which Nash-Williams' combinatorial idea is clearly present, along with an explicit program for finding an embedded pair in sequences of words.

In this article, a Multi-Objective Memetic Algorithm (MA) for rule learning is proposed. Prediction accuracy and interpretation are two measures that conflict with each other. In this approach, we consider accuracy and interpretation of rules sets. Additionally, individual classifiers face other problems such as huge sizes, high dimensionality and imbalance classes’ distribution data sets. This...