In this paper, the optimal conditions for fractional optimal control problems (FOCPs) were derived in which the fractional differential operators defined in terms of Caputo sense and reduces this problem to a system of fractional differential equations (FDEs) that is called twopoint boundary value (TPBV) problem. An approximate solution of this problem is constructed by using the Legendre-Gauss...

Neuronavigation systems are usually subject to inaccuracy due to intraoperative changes like brain shift or tumor resection. In order to correct for these deformations a biomechanical model of the brain is proposed. Not only elastic tissues, but also fluids are modeled, since an important volume of the head contains cerebrospinal fluid, which does not behave like soft tissues. Unlike other appr...

We investigated human learning and generalization of three novel category structures based on eight exemplars in a continuous (9x9) stimulus space. Each category requires attention to both dimensions, but they differ in their organization. Critically, all three category types are matched on withinand between-category exemplar distances. The first category structure conforms to a condensation or...

Soft factorization has been shown to hold sub-leading order in QED and sub-sub-leading perturbative quantum gravity, with various loop non-universal corrections that can be found. Here we show all terms factorizing at tree level uniquely identified as boundary exist already the classical expressions for electric current stress tensor of a point particle. Further, one cannot identify such beyond...

We present the Lagrangian whose corresponding action is the trace K action for General Relativity. Although this Lagrangian is second order in the derivatives, it has no second order time derivatives and its behavior at space infinity in the asymptotically flat case is identical to other alternative Lagrangians for General Relativity, like the gamma-gamma Lagrangian used by Einstein. We develop...