www.thelancet.com Vol 385 June 27, 2015 2559 Since the late 1980s, progressive development of antiretroviral drugs has revolutionised care for people with HIV infection. Early generation antiretrovirals saved the lives of patients dying from AIDS, in exchange for a high pill burden and substantial morbidity. However, such treatment was susceptible to treatment failure, especially before the int...

OBJECTIVE To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of currently available nucleos(t)ide antiviral treatments (lamivudine, telbivudine, entecavir, and tenofovir) for chronic hepatitis B in Canada. METHODS Markov modeling was used to project the lifetime health benefits and costs associated with the antiviral treatments. The hypothetical patient population was hepatitis B e antigen-positive chr...

ABACAVIR+LAMIVUDINE+ZIDOVUDINE (TRIZIVIR, TZV) ABACAVIR+DOLUTEGRAVIR+LAMIVUDINE (TRIUMEQ, TRI) ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL (HEPSERA, ADV) AMPRENAVIR (AGENERASE, APV) (AGENERASE NO LONGER MANUFACTURED AS OF 2007) ATAZANAVIR (REYATAZ, ATV) ATAZANAVIR+COBICISTAT (EVOTAZ, EVO) COBICISTAT (TYBOST, COBI) DARUNAVIR (PREZISTA, DRV) DARUNAVIR+COBICISTAT (PREZCOBIXTM, REZOLSTATM, PCX) DELAVIRDINE MESYLATE (RESCRI...

BACKGROUND The Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) 004 trial demonstrated a 39% reduction in HIV infection, with a 54% HIV reduction in women who used tenofovir gel consistently. A confirmatory trial is expected to report results in early 2015. In the interim, we have a unique window of opportunity to prepare for and devise effective strategies for the future pol...

Background. Risk factors associated with renal dysfunction in patients on tenofovir remain unknown and optimal monitoring is unclear. We investigated whether a urine protein-osmolality ratio would be a useful screening parameter. Methods. This retrospective, single-center study of HIV-positive subjects investigated the relationship between three surrogates of renal function (eGFR, protein-osmol...

The Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa 004 (CAPRISA 004) study demonstrated that vaginally applied tenofovir gel is a promising intervention for protecting women from sexually acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the potential for emergence of tenofovir resistance remains a concern in women who seroconvert while using the gel despite the lack of plasma v...

case presentation a 52-year-old malay gentleman, with hepatitis c virus and hiv infection was admitted to the intensive care unit for severe lactic acidosis, with concurrent escherichia coli bacteremia with multiorgan dysfunction. the patient was started on highly active antiretroviral therapy, which included tenofovir, 5 weeks before presentation. antimicrobial therapy, continuous veno-venous ...

INTRODUCTION Viral kinetics has proved useful in understanding antiviral potency, determining antiviral profiles and optimizing treatment strategy. METHODS This was a randomized, open-label study comparing the viral kinetics in 46 hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients during 12-week treatment with telbivudine monotherapy, tenofovir monotherapy or the combination of telbivudine plus tenofovi...