Introduction One of the main regulators of virulence in Vibrio cholerae is the two-component regulator ToxRS. In V. cholerae, ToxR binds to the promoter and activates the toxT gene, which in turn activates the expression of a number of virulence genes, such as ctxA and tcpA (DiRita et al. 1991). Additonally, ToxR has also been shown to regulate the two outer membrane porins, OmpU and OmpT in a ...

This article presents a roadmap of emerging legal problems in the area of Digital Rights Management (DRM). It argues against adopting fundamentalist viewpoints in the DRM policy debate. In particular, DRM technology is much more flexible than many DRM critics acknowledge. The article covers various problems that are less frequently discussed in legal and policy circles. It analyzes the relation...

Digital identities and profiles are precious assets. On one hand they enable users to engage in transactions and interactions on the Internet. On the other hand, abuses and leakages of this information could violate the privacy of their owners, sometimes with serious consequences. Nowadays, most of the people have limited understanding of security and privacy polices when applied to their confi...

As the number of ships for marine transportation increases with advancement global trade, encountering multiple in traffic becomes common. This situation raises risk collision ships; hence, this paper proposes a novel Fuzzy-logic based intelligent conflict detection and resolution algorithm, where courses possible avoiding actions are analysed by considering ship motion dynamics input output fu...

This study examined data from three cross sectional surveys of 296 laboratory workers exposed to small mammals. Four indices of laboratory animal allergy were studied: symptoms suggestive of occupational asthma, symptoms suggestive of any occupational allergy, skin weals to animal urine extracts, and serum binding in radioallergosorbent tests with urine extracts. Pooled data from the three surv...

A total of 26 strains of Vibrio cholerae, including members of the O1, O139, and non-O1, non-O139 serogroups from both clinical and environmental sources, were examined for the presence of genes encoding cholera toxin (ctxA), zonula occludens toxin (zot), accessory cholera enterotoxin (ace), hemolysin (hlyA), NAG-specific heat-stable toxin (st), toxin-coregulated pilus (tcpA), and outer membran...